Read the excerpt below:
"If the teachers of the Tuskegee School had not been trained in Atlanta University, Fisk University, or Howard, where would Booker T. Washington have found his instructors? The teacher must be trained; and the teacher of the teacher must be trained..."
— W.E.B. Du Bois, *The Souls of Black Folk* (1903)
Based on the excerpt, which of the following statements best describes W.E.B. Du Bois's critique of Booker T. Washington’s educational philosophy?
- ADu Bois proposed that African Americans should reject domestic educational institutions entirely and instead pursue higher education abroad in Europe or West Africa.
- BDu Bois opposed any form of vocational or manual labor training, viewing it as a continuation of enslavement that should be entirely replaced by classical education for all students.
- Du Bois argued that industrial and vocational training programs could not succeed or sustain themselves without a foundation of higher education to train teachers.Cevap
- DDu Bois argued that Washington's Tuskegee Institute was unnecessary because Reconstruction-era policies had already successfully established permanent, fully integrated public school systems throughout the South.
Cevap
Du Bois argued that industrial and vocational training programs could not succeed or sustain themselves without a foundation of higher education to train teachers.
The correct answer is correct because W.E.B. Du Bois argued that vocational schools like the Tuskegee Institute were structurally dependent on higher education institutions (such as Atlanta, Fisk, and Howard universities) to produce qualified instructors. This highlights the interdependence of their educational goals, rather than an absolute opposition, as Du Bois recognized that vocational education could not function without a foundation of classical higher education.
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Anahtar Kavram
The interdependence of higher education and vocational training in the Washington-Du Bois debate.