Read the following excerpt from a report published by the United States Department of Labor in 1919:
'The economic pull of the North, made active by the war, is the immediate cause of the migration. The labor shortage in the North, created by the cessation of European immigration, met a labor surplus in the South, created by the boll weevil and agricultural depression. But behind this immediate economic cause lies a secondary cause, which is the Negro's desire to escape the social and political limitations of the South, such as the denial of the franchise, unequal educational opportunities, and the constant threat of racial violence.'
Based on the excerpt, which of the following best analyzes how the demographic shifts of the Great Migration reflected the interaction of southern 'push' factors and northern 'pull' factors?
- Southern agricultural crises and Jim Crow oppression acted as push factors that intersected with the pull of northern wartime industrial labor demands, prompting a deliberate search for economic mobility and citizenship rights.Cevap
- BThe migration was driven primarily by southern municipal governments offering economic incentives to relocate, which counteracted the pull of northern agricultural opportunities.
- CMigrants moved north primarily because northern states had outlawed all forms of de facto housing and employment discrimination, leaving the South with only economic push factors.
- DNorthern industrial employers used the threat of disenfranchisement and the boll weevil crisis as pull factors to force Southern African Americans to migrate northward.