The following excerpt is taken from an analytical essay on ecological engineering and climate resilience:
"High in the Peruvian Andes, hydrologists and local communities are reviving an ingenious pre-Columbian water harvesting system known as amunas. These ancestral stone canals, built over a millennium ago by the Wari civilization, capture torrential runoff during the brief highland wet season and channel it into permeable mountain slopes. The water slowly filters through subsurface aquifers, taking months to emerge from downhill natural springs precisely during the hyper-arid dry season. As tropical glaciers in the Cordillera Central experience accelerated retreat due to global warming, Lima’s downstream reservoirs face unprecedented seasonal deficits. Rather than relying solely on multi-billion-dollar concrete mega-dams that disrupt delicate high-altitude bogs, civil engineers are now partnering with indigenous communal water boards to restore hundreds of kilometers of silted amunas. Initial tracer studies confirm that this decentralized, nature-based infrastructure recharges millions of cubic meters of groundwater at a fraction of conventional capital costs. The integration of ancient hydrological wisdom with contemporary sensor monitoring represents not a nostalgic retreat into the past, but an economically viable blueprint for regional climate adaptation."
Which of the following statements best identifies the central idea of the passage?
- ATracer studies verify that seasonal runoff filtering through mountain aquifers takes months to discharge into natural springs.
- Restoring ancestral Andean water channels provides a cost-effective, sustainable framework for mitigating water shortages caused by glacial retreat.Cevap
- CModern civil engineers have determined that concrete mega-dam construction should be entirely abandoned across South America.
- DThe revival of pre-Columbian canals is primarily a cultural heritage tribute rather than a scientifically viable hydrological solution.