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Zorluk: OrtaImmigration, Urbanization, and Social Culture

"The city has become a serious menace to our institutions, because in it, first, the percentage of the foreign-born is much larger than in the country... second, because the city is the stronghold of the saloon... third, because the city is the center of the dangerous classes... and fourth, because the city is the home of the social gunpowder of our times—the conflict between labor and capital."
— Josiah Strong, Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, 1885

Which of the following Gilded Age developments most directly contributed to the anxieties expressed in the excerpt?

  1. A
    The passage of progressive constitutional amendments establishing nationwide prohibition and women's suffrage.
  2. The rapid growth of urban areas fueled by the influx of "New Immigrants" from southern and eastern Europe.Cevap
  3. C
    The initial shift from subsistence farming to commercial agriculture during the early nineteenth-century Market Revolution.
  4. D
    The strict adherence of the federal government to laissez-faire policies by refusing to intervene in labor strikes.

Cevap

The rapid growth of urban areas fueled by the influx of "New Immigrants" from southern and eastern Europe.
The correct answer is the option highlighting the rapid growth of urban areas and the influx of "New Immigrants." During the late nineteenth century, industrialization drew millions of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe to American cities. This demographic shift led to the rapid growth of ethnic neighborhoods, which nativist reformers like Josiah Strong viewed as a threat to Anglo-Saxon Protestant cultural dominance, political stability, and social order.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the historical context and main concerns of the author in the provided source.
The excerpt is from 1885 (Gilded Age) and expresses anxieties about cities, specifically highlighting the high concentration of foreign-born residents, the influence of saloons, urban social disorder, and conflict between labor and capital.
This establishes the temporal and thematic boundaries of the question.
2
Evaluate which late nineteenth-century historical development corresponds to these specific anxieties.
During the Gilded Age, the rapid expansion of industrial cities and the rise of "New Immigration" from southern and eastern Europe created dense urban neighborhoods. Nativists and reformers like Josiah Strong feared these changes threatened traditional American institutions and social stability.
This connects the text's reference to "foreign-born" residents and "social gunpowder" to historical events.
3
Eliminate distractors that represent incorrect time periods or historical inaccuracies.
Progressive amendments occurred later (Progressive Era), the Market Revolution occurred earlier (antebellum period), and the federal government did not maintain strict laissez-faire policy regarding labor strikes.
This confirms that the other options contain historical errors or chronological conflations.

Anahtar Kavram

Gilded Age Immigration and Urbanization Anxieties
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Konular

Immigration, Urbanization, and Social Culture

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