"The late riotous outbreak in our city, though ostensibly directed against the draft, was in reality a revolt against the federal government's efforts to prosecute the war. The workingmen, inflamed by appeals to their class prejudices and racial fears, saw the conscription law as an unjust imposition that forced them to fight for a cause they did not support, while allowing the wealthy to buy exemption. The resulting violence directed against African Americans and government property reveals the deep social fractures exposed by the administration's mobilization policies."
— Editorial, *The New York Times*, July 1863
Which of the following historical developments during the Civil War best explains the response described in the excerpt?
- The passage of federal conscription legislation that allowed wealthier citizens to avoid military service by paying a fee or hiring substitutesCevap
- BThe implementation of popular sovereignty to determine whether newly acquired Western territories would permit slavery
- CThe ratification of Reconstruction amendments that established citizenship and equal protection for formerly enslaved people
- DThe outbreak of sectional violence triggered primarily by disputes over federal tariff policies rather than the expansion of slavery
Cevap
The passage of federal conscription legislation that allowed wealthier citizens to avoid military service by paying a fee or hiring substitutes
The correct answer is correct because the Enrollment Act of 1863 was the Union's first federal draft. Its provision allowing a $300 commutation fee or substitution allowed wealthy citizens to avoid service, sparking the New York City Draft Riots among working-class citizens who resented fighting a 'rich man's war' while facing racial and economic anxieties.
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Anahtar Kavram
The social and political impacts of Civil War mobilization policies, specifically conscription and class tensions in the Union.