Read the passage below and answer the following question.
"The debate that unfolded in sixteenth-century Spain was not merely an academic exercise; it was a fundamental clash over the nature of humanity and the limits of imperial power. For the first time in history, an imperial nation halted its own conquests to deliberate on the morality of its expansion. At the heart of this conflict were two opposing views of the indigenous peoples: one that saw them as natural slaves who benefited from paternalistic subjugation, and another that viewed them as rational beings capable of peaceful conversion to Christianity. This struggle shaped the development of early international law and Spanish colonial administration, even if the resulting legislation was frequently ignored on the ground."
The ideological debates described in the excerpt most directly resulted in which of the following actions by the Spanish Crown?
- AThe establishment of colonial administrations that treated all Native American tribes as a single, culturally uniform society.
- The Spanish Crown's attempts to restrict the power of conquistadors and reform colonial labor through the New Laws of 1542.Cevap
- CThe immediate transformation of the encomienda system into simple land grants that completely outlawed forced labor.
- DThe prohibition of exporting New World agricultural products like wheat and sugar to Spain to protect domestic European crops.