The spatial distribution of natural resources in Great Britain was uniquely favorable. Extensive deposits of coal, essential for steam power, were frequently found in close proximity to rich veins of iron ore, the primary material for machinery and infrastructure. Moreover, these mineral fields were situated near navigable rivers and natural harbors, permitting the low-cost transport of heavy goods before the widespread construction of railways.
Based on the passage, which of the following environmental preconditions most directly facilitated the early development of industrialization in Great Britain?
- AThe widespread adoption of electricity and chemical manufacturing as the primary sources of industrial power
- BThe expansion of strict government-controlled mercantilist monopolies over all domestic coal mining
- The close geographic proximity of coal and iron ore deposits near navigable waterwaysCevap
- DThe implementation of synthetic chemical fertilizers and genetically modified crops to feed urban workers
Cevap
The close geographic proximity of coal and iron ore deposits near navigable waterways
The correct answer is correct because the passage explicitly highlights that Britain's industrial start was aided by the close proximity of coal and iron ore deposits, as well as its navigable rivers and natural harbors, which allowed for cheap transport of these heavy goods. This spatial distribution of resources is a major geographic factor that gave Britain a head start in the First Industrial Revolution.
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Anahtar Kavram
Geographic and environmental preconditions of the Industrial Revolution, particularly the availability and proximity of coal, iron, and waterways in Great Britain.
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