Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: OrtaGlobal Spread of Industrialization

Source: Report by the French Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce on the state of domestic industry, 1845.

'Unlike in Great Britain, where large-scale farming and the consolidation of land have driven a massive population of landless agricultural workers into the cities to seek factory labor, the French countryside remains divided into millions of small peasant properties. Our peasants are deeply attached to their plots of land, which they cultivate with their families. Consequently, French manufacturers constantly struggle to secure a stable and cheap supply of factory workers, leading to a much slower transition to steam-powered manufacturing in our towns.'

Based on the passage, which of the following factors best explains why France's path to industrialization differed from that of Great Britain?

  1. The consolidation of agricultural lands through the enclosure movement in Great Britain, which created a large class of landless laborers who migrated to cities.Cevap
  2. B
    The early British adoption of assembly-line methods and electrical machinery in rural manufacturing districts.
  3. C
    The French government's strict adherence to mercantilist policies that prohibited all domestic manufacturing and industrial trade.
  4. D
    The British establishment of direct colonial administration over all continental European raw material producers.

Cevap

The consolidation of agricultural lands through the enclosure movement in Great Britain, which created a large class of landless laborers who migrated to cities.
The correct answer identifies the British enclosure movement, which consolidated common lands into private holdings. This process displaced many small-scale farmers, creating a landless class of agricultural workers who migrated to urban areas and provided the cheap, concentrated labor pool necessary for British factories. In contrast, the French peasantry retained possession of their land after the French Revolution, resulting in a more gradual transition to urban industrial work in France.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the provided historical source to identify the primary obstacle to French industrialization.
The source states that the main challenge for French manufacturers was securing a stable and cheap supply of factory workers because French peasants retained ownership of small agricultural plots.
This establishes that labor availability was the key limiting factor in France's industrial transition compared to Great Britain.
2
Recall the historical context of British agricultural developments in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that addressed this labor need.
Great Britain experienced the enclosure movement, which consolidated small landholdings and common lands, depriving peasants of traditional livelihoods and forcing them to migrate to cities for work.
This explains the contrast between the abundant urban labor supply in Britain and the scarce labor supply in France described in the report.
3
Evaluate the choices to find the historical process that explains the difference in labor supply.
The option referring to the enclosure movement in Great Britain directly addresses the cause of the urban migration of landless laborers, matching the contrast drawn in the stimulus.
This identifies the correct historical development that facilitated Britain's rapid industrialization relative to France.

Anahtar Kavram

The global spread of industrialization occurred unevenly, influenced by local social structures, government policies, and preconditions such as the availability of agricultural labor.
Bu soruyu puanla

Konular

Global Spread of Industrialization

Bu konudan daha fazla soru