Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: Çok zorMechanics and Motion

A physicist conducts an experiment with a solid block on a perfectly frictionless horizontal track. On Earth, a constant horizontal force of 150 N150\text{ N} applied to the block produces a forward acceleration of 3 m/s23\text{ m/s}^2. If the physicist transports the exact same block and track to an exoplanet where the acceleration due to gravity is exactly one-fifth that of Earth, and applies the identical 150 N150\text{ N} horizontal force, which of the following describes the block's resulting mass and forward acceleration?

  1. The mass remains 50 kg50\text{ kg}, and the acceleration remains 3 m/s23\text{ m/s}^2.Cevap
  2. B
    The mass decreases to 10 kg10\text{ kg}, and the acceleration increases to 15 m/s215\text{ m/s}^2.
  3. C
    The mass remains 50 kg50\text{ kg}, but the acceleration increases to 15 m/s215\text{ m/s}^2.
  4. D
    The mass decreases to 10 kg10\text{ kg}, but the acceleration remains 3 m/s23\text{ m/s}^2.

Cevap

The mass remains 50 kg50\text{ kg}, and the acceleration remains 3 m/s23\text{ m/s}^2.
The block's mass is an intrinsic property and remains 50 kg50\text{ kg} regardless of the local gravitational field. Because the track is frictionless, the object's horizontal acceleration is determined solely by the applied horizontal force and its mass (a=F/ma = F/m). Since neither the applied force (150 N150\text{ N}) nor the mass (50 kg50\text{ kg}) changed, the acceleration remains exactly the same at 3 m/s23\text{ m/s}^2.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate the mass of the block on Earth using Newton's second law (F=maF = ma).
m=150 N/3 m/s2=50 kgm = 150\text{ N} / 3\text{ m/s}^2 = 50\text{ kg}.
Mass is the ratio of applied net force to the resulting acceleration.
2
Determine the mass of the block on the exoplanet.
The mass remains 50 kg50\text{ kg}.
Mass is an intrinsic property of an object measuring its inertia; it does not change based on the local gravitational field.
3
Calculate the horizontal acceleration on the exoplanet.
a=F/m=150 N/50 kg=3 m/s2a = F / m = 150\text{ N} / 50\text{ kg} = 3\text{ m/s}^2.
On a frictionless horizontal surface, vertical forces (weight and normal force) do not impact horizontal motion. The only horizontal force is the 150 N150\text{ N} applied force, and because the mass is unchanged, the acceleration remains identical.

Anahtar Kavram

Invariance of Mass and Independence of Horizontal Inertia from Gravity
Bu soruyu puanla

Konular

Mechanics and Motion

Bu konudan daha fazla soru