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Zorluk: OrtaAtomic Structure and Periodic Table

Match each chemical species with its correct composition of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

  • Neutral Carbon-12 atom (612C^{12}_{6}\text{C})Contains 66 protons, 66 neutrons, and 66 electrons
  • Sodium ion (1123Na+^{23}_{11}\text{Na}^{+})Contains 1111 protons, 1212 neutrons, and 1010 electrons
  • Fluoride ion (919F−^{19}_{9}\text{F}^{-})Contains 99 protons, 1010 neutrons, and 1010 electrons
  • Neutral Neon-20 atom (1020Ne^{20}_{10}\text{Ne})Contains 1010 protons, 1010 neutrons, and 1010 electrons

Cevap

Neutral Carbon-12 matches 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons; Sodium ion (+1) matches 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons; Fluoride ion (-1) matches 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 10 electrons; Neutral Neon-20 matches 10 protons, 10 neutrons, and 10 electrons.
Each species is correctly matched by identifying protons from the atomic number (ZZ), computing neutrons by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number (A−ZA - Z), and adjusting the electron count according to the ionic charge (e−=Z−chargee^- = Z - \text{charge}).

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1
Determine the number of protons from the atomic number (ZZ) for each species.
Carbon has 66 protons, Sodium has 1111 protons, Fluorine has 99 protons, and Neon has 1010 protons.
The atomic number uniquely defines the identity of an element and equals the total proton count.
2
Calculate the number of neutrons using Neutrons=Mass Number (A)−Atomic Number (Z)\text{Neutrons} = \text{Mass Number } (A) - \text{Atomic Number } (Z).
Carbon-12 has 12−6=612 - 6 = 6 neutrons; Sodium-23 has 23−11=1223 - 11 = 12 neutrons; Fluorine-19 has 19−9=1019 - 9 = 10 neutrons; Neon-20 has 20−10=1020 - 10 = 10 neutrons.
Mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
3
Determine the electron count based on net charge using Electrons=Protons−Charge\text{Electrons} = \text{Protons} - \text{Charge}.
Neutral Carbon has 66 electrons; Na+\text{Na}^{+} has 11−(+1)=1011 - (+1) = 10 electrons; F−\text{F}^{-} has 9−(−1)=109 - (-1) = 10 electrons; neutral Neon has 1010 electrons.
Cations lose electrons to form positive charges, anions gain electrons to form negative charges, and neutral atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons.

Anahtar Kavram

Subatomic particle calculations in neutral atoms and isoelectronic ions
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
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Konular

Atomic Structure and Periodic Table

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