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Zorluk: OrtaHealth, Nutrition, and Disease

Antibiotic medications target specific structures in cellular organisms, such as bacterial cell walls and metabolic enzymes, making them ineffective against acellular pathogens. Which of the following diseases is caused by a viral pathogen rather than a bacterium?

  1. A
    Diphtheria
  2. B
    Pertussis
  3. PoliomyelitisCevap
  4. D
    Tetanus

Cevap

Poliomyelitis is caused by a viral pathogen rather than a bacterium.
Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, which is an acellular virus that infects motor neurons. Because it lacks bacterial cell wall components and metabolic machinery, it cannot be treated with antibiotics.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the structural and biological differences between viral and bacterial pathogens.
Viruses are acellular particles composed of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat that require host cells to replicate, while bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic organisms with cellular walls and independent metabolic functions.
This fundamental distinction explains why antibiotics that target cell walls or bacterial ribosomes do not work against viruses.
2
Classify the causative agent for each condition listed in the options.
Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus are each caused by specific bacterial species, whereas poliomyelitis is caused by an enterovirus (poliovirus).
Determining the biological classification of each pathogen reveals the only viral illness in the group.

Anahtar Kavram

Distinguishing between viral and bacterial pathogens and their respective disease etiologies
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
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Konular

Health, Nutrition, and Disease

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