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Zorluk: OrtaHealth, Nutrition, and Disease

Public health teams responding to disease outbreaks must distinguish between bacterial diseases, such as cholera, and viral infections, such as dengue fever. Why are antibiotic medications effective in treating cholera but ineffective against dengue fever?

  1. A
    Dengue fever is caused by a multi-celled bacterial pathogen that rapidly breaks down antibiotic molecules.
  2. B
    Cholera is caused by an acellular virus that absorbs medication, whereas dengue fever is caused by a cellular bacterium.
  3. Cholera is caused by a single-celled bacterium with cellular structures targeted by antibiotics, whereas dengue fever is caused by an acellular virus.Cevap
  4. D
    Dengue fever is caused by a pathogenic bacterium that neutralizes antibiotics before cellular entry.

Cevap

Cholera is caused by a single-celled bacterium with cellular structures targeted by antibiotics, whereas dengue fever is caused by an acellular virus.
Antibiotics function by interfering with specific cellular structures and physiological pathways unique to bacteria, such as the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, protein synthesis at bacterial ribosomes, or bacterial DNA replication. Because the pathogen causing cholera is a single-celled bacterium, it has these cellular targets and can be eliminated by antibiotics. In contrast, the pathogen causing dengue fever is an acellular virus consisting solely of genetic material within a protein capsid, lacking the cellular structures that antibiotics target.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Classify the pathogens responsible for cholera and dengue fever.
Cholera is caused by a living single-celled bacterium (Vibrio cholerae), whereas dengue fever is caused by an acellular virus (dengue virus).
Understanding the pathogen type is essential for determining appropriate medical interventions.
2
Evaluate the mechanism of action of antibiotic medications.
Antibiotics target specific cellular components and metabolic pathways found only in bacteria, such as peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis, bacterial ribosomes, and metabolic enzymes.
Acellular viruses do not possess cell walls, ribosomes, or independent metabolic machinery, making them unaffected by antibiotics.
3
Identify the option that correctly contrasts the structural differences and drug susceptibility.
Cholera is susceptible because it is a cellular bacterium, while dengue fever is invulnerable because it is an acellular virus.
The presence or absence of cellular targets determines antibiotic effectiveness.

Anahtar Kavram

Distinction between bacterial and viral structures in relation to antibiotic efficacy
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Health, Nutrition, and Disease

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