Chemical compounds are commonly identified by both everyday names and standard IUPAC chemi… — Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)

Chemical compounds are commonly identified by both everyday names and standard IUPAC chemical formulas. Match each common chemical substance on the left with its correct chemical formula and characteristic reaction property on the right.

Calcium carbonate (limestone) $CaCO_3$ — an ionic carbonate salt that reacts with acids to produce carbon dioxide gas and water
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda / lye) $NaOH$ — a strong alkaline base widely used in drain cleaners and saponification reactions
Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid) $HCl$ — a strong binary acid found in digestive gastric juices and used for industrial metal pickling
Methane (natural gas) $CH_4$ — a simple hydrocarbon gas that undergoes complete combustion with oxygen to yield $CO_2$ and $H_2O$

Cevap

Calcium carbonate matches with

CaCO_3

(carbonate salt releasing

CO_2

), Sodium hydroxide matches with

NaOH

(strong base used in drain cleaners), Hydrochloric acid matches with

HCl

(strong acid in gastric juices), and Methane matches with

CH_4

(combustible hydrocarbon producing

CO_2

and

H_2O

Each substance is accurately paired with its standard chemical formula and defining chemical reaction property: calcium carbonate (

CaCO_3

) produces carbon dioxide when acidified, sodium hydroxide (

NaOH

) acts as an alkaline cleaner, hydrochloric acid (

HCl

) serves as stomach acid and an industrial pickling agent, and methane (

CH_4

) combusts cleanly to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Adım Adım Çözüm

Identify the chemical identity and formula of limestone / calcium carbonate.

Limestone is composed of calcium (

Ca^{2+}

) and carbonate (

CO_3^{2-}

), giving the formula

CaCO_3

, which reacts with acids to form

CO_2

Matching common chemical names to their constituent ions and chemical behavior establishes the correct pair.

Identify the formula and basic nature of lye / sodium hydroxide.

Lye is sodium hydroxide (

NaOH

), a well-known strong base used in cleaning agents.

Recognizing alkali metals bonded to hydroxide ions identifies basic cleaning compounds.

Determine the composition and biological occurrence of muriatic acid.

Muriatic acid is an industrial name for hydrochloric acid (

HCl

), which is also secreted in the stomach to aid digestion.

Connecting mineral acid formulas to biological and commercial contexts confirms the match.

Classify natural gas / methane and its combustion behavior.

Methane is

CH_4

, an alkane hydrocarbon that combusts with

O_2

to generate carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Hydrocarbon oxidation is a fundamental reaction pattern in General Science.

Anahtar Kavram

Nomenclature, formulas, and fundamental chemical behaviors of common inorganic and organic compounds

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