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Zorluk: ZorHybrid and Multi-Account Network Connectivity Design

A financial technology organization is designing a hybrid network architecture for its AWS environment. The environment consists of 4040 spoke VPCs across multiple AWS accounts in the us-east-1 Region, along with a centralized Shared Services VPC. The organization needs to connect its AWS resources to an on-premises data center.

The connectivity design must meet the following requirements:
1. High-throughput hybrid connectivity must be established using a primary AWS Direct Connect connection, with a Site-to-Site VPN connection acting as a backup.
2. All traffic between the spoke VPCs and the on-premises network must be inspected by a cluster of third-party firewall appliances deployed in the Shared Services VPC.
3. The spoke VPCs must be able to resolve private on-premises domain names using Route 53 with minimal administrative overhead.
4. Egress traffic to the internet must be highly available and centralized through the Shared Services VPC.
5. Administrative overhead must be minimized, and the solution must scale automatically as new spoke VPCs are added.

Which of the following architectures satisfies these requirements?

  1. Deploy an AWS Transit Gateway (TGW) and attach all spoke VPCs and the Shared Services VPC, enabling Transit Gateway Appliance Mode on the Shared Services VPC attachment. Create a Direct Connect Gateway (DXGW) associated with the TGW via a Transit VIF, and attach the Site-to-Site VPN directly to the TGW. Configure BGP with AS-path prepending on the VPN connection to ensure the Direct Connect path is preferred. Configure TGW route tables to route all spoke-to-on-premises and spoke-to-internet traffic to the Shared Services VPC. In the Shared Services VPC, deploy redundant NAT Gateways across multiple Availability Zones for internet egress. Deploy Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints in the Shared Services VPC, configure a forwarding rule for the on-premises domain, and share it with all spoke VPCs using AWS Resource Access Manager (RAM).Cevap
  2. B
    Deploy an AWS Transit Gateway (TGW) and attach all spoke VPCs and the Shared Services VPC. Associate the DXGW with the TGW. For the backup VPN connection, deploy a virtual private gateway (VGW) in each of the 4040 spoke VPCs, establishing VPN tunnels from on-premises to each spoke VPC. Use a single default TGW route table for all VPCs to simplify administration. In the Shared Services VPC, deploy redundant NAT Gateways. Deploy Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints in the Shared Services VPC and share the forwarding rule with all spoke VPCs using AWS Resource Access Manager (RAM).
  3. C
    Deploy an AWS Transit Gateway (TGW) and attach all spoke VPCs and the Shared Services VPC, enabling Transit Gateway Appliance Mode on the Shared Services VPC attachment. Associate the DXGW with the TGW via a Transit VIF, and attach the Site-to-Site VPN directly to the TGW. Configure separate TGW route tables to route all spoke traffic to the Shared Services VPC. Deploy redundant NAT Gateways across multiple Availability Zones in the Shared Services VPC. Create a Route 53 Private Hosted Zone (PHZ) for the on-premises domain and associate it only with the Shared Services VPC, relying on Transit Gateway connectivity for transitive DNS resolution from the spoke VPCs.
  4. D
    Deploy an AWS Transit Gateway (TGW) and attach all spoke VPCs and the Shared Services VPC, enabling Transit Gateway Appliance Mode on the Shared Services VPC attachment. Associate the DXGW with the TGW via a Transit VIF, and attach the Site-to-Site VPN directly to the TGW. Configure separate TGW route tables to route all spoke traffic to the Shared Services VPC. Deploy Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints in the Shared Services VPC, configure a forwarding rule for the on-premises domain, and share it using AWS Resource Access Manager (RAM). To minimize costs, deploy a single NAT Gateway in a public subnet of the Shared Services VPC and configure all route tables across all Availability Zones to route outbound internet traffic through this single NAT Gateway.

Cevap

Deploy an AWS Transit Gateway (TGW) to connect all spoke VPCs and the Shared Services VPC (enabling Appliance Mode). Establish hybrid connectivity using a Direct Connect Gateway and Site-to-Site VPN directly attached to the TGW, with BGP AS-path prepending on the VPN. Centralize security using separate TGW route tables to direct traffic through firewall appliances in the Shared Services VPC. Use redundant NAT Gateways for internet egress and Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints with shared forwarding rules via AWS RAM for DNS resolution.
The correct architecture uses a Transit Gateway with separate route tables to enforce traffic inspection through the Shared Services VPC. Enabling Transit Gateway Appliance Mode on the Shared Services VPC attachment guarantees traffic symmetry for stateful firewalls. Hybrid failover is achieved using BGP routing with AS-path prepending to prefer the Direct Connect link. Centralized internet egress is kept highly available by deploying redundant NAT Gateways across multiple Availability Zones. Lastly, DNS queries for the on-premises domain are forwarded via Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints and shared forwarding rules via AWS RAM, minimizing administrative overhead.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Configure the Transit Gateway (TGW) and VPC attachments.
Attach all 4040 spoke VPCs and the Shared Services VPC to the TGW. Enable Transit Gateway Appliance Mode on the Shared Services VPC attachment to keep traffic flow symmetric through the third-party firewall appliances.
Appliance Mode ensures that the TGW forwards both forward and return traffic to the same firewall instance within the Shared Services VPC, preventing stateful firewall drop issues.
2
Set up hybrid connectivity with failover routing.
Associate the Direct Connect Gateway (DXGW) with the TGW using a Transit VIF, and create a Site-to-Site VPN attachment to the TGW. Advertise the same on-premises routes via BGP over both paths, prepending the AS-path on the VPN connection.
This establishes Direct Connect as the primary path due to a shorter AS-path (and default AWS routing preferences), while ensuring automatic failover to the VPN connection in case of Direct Connect failure.
3
Configure routing for security inspection and egress.
Set up separate TGW route tables (Spoke, Firewall, and Edge/Hybrid) to steer traffic. Direct all spoke-to-on-premises and spoke-to-internet traffic to the Shared Services VPC for inspection. Route outbound internet traffic through redundant NAT Gateways deployed across multiple Availability Zones in the Shared Services VPC.
Separate route tables prevent routing loops and ensure that all traffic is inspected by the firewalls. Redundant NAT Gateways across multiple AZs ensure high availability for egress traffic.
4
Implement hybrid DNS resolution.
Deploy Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoints in the Shared Services VPC. Create a forwarding rule for the on-premises domain pointing to the on-premises DNS servers, and share the rule with all spoke VPCs using AWS Resource Access Manager (RAM).
Sharing the Resolver forwarding rule via RAM allows all spoke VPCs to automatically resolve on-premises hostnames via the outbound endpoints without needing private hosted zone associations or individual endpoint configurations.

Anahtar Kavram

Centralized hybrid routing with inspection, high-availability egress, and shared DNS resolution in a multi-account AWS environment.
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