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Zorluk: ZorVPC Connectivity and Routing Troubleshooting

A SysOps administrator is troubleshooting internet connectivity from an Amazon EC2 instance residing in a newly created private subnet of a VPC. A NAT gateway has been provisioned in a public subnet of the same VPC. The private subnet's route table contains a route targeting the NAT gateway for 0.0.0.0/00.0.0.0/0. The security group associated with the EC2 instance allows all outbound traffic. However, the EC2 instance is unable to download software updates from the internet. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this issue?

  1. A
    The network ACL associated with the private subnet blocks outbound traffic to the NAT gateway because outbound ephemeral ports (10241024-6553565535) are not allowed.
  2. B
    The route table associated with the private subnet is missing an explicit gateway VPC endpoint association for S3 and DynamoDB traffic.
  3. The route table associated with the public subnet containing the NAT gateway does not have a route pointing to the Internet Gateway for 0.0.0.0/00.0.0.0/0.Cevap
  4. D
    The NAT gateway is configured to route traffic across Availability Zones to the EC2 instance, which is prohibited without an active Transit Gateway.

Cevap

The route table associated with the public subnet containing the NAT gateway does not have a route pointing to the Internet Gateway for 0.0.0.0/00.0.0.0/0.
For a NAT gateway to function, it must reside in a public subnet. A public subnet is defined as a subnet whose associated route table contains a route pointing to an Internet Gateway (0.0.0.0/0igwxxxx0.0.0.0/0 \rightarrow igw-xxxx). Without this route, the NAT gateway cannot send translated outbound packets to the internet or receive corresponding inbound response packets, which prevents the private EC2 instance from establishing internet connections.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Trace the routing path of the outbound traffic from the private EC2 instance.
Outbound traffic targeting the internet (0.0.0.0/00.0.0.0/0) is successfully directed by the private route table to the NAT gateway's network interface.
To verify that the private subnet is correctly configured to use the NAT gateway as its default gateway.
2
Verify the routing configuration of the public subnet where the NAT gateway resides.
The public subnet's route table must contain a route directing traffic for 0.0.0.0/00.0.0.0/0 to the Internet Gateway.
Since a NAT gateway only performs network address translation, it relies on the route table of its local subnet to forward packets to the internet.
3
Identify the missing route that interrupts the internet connectivity loop.
If the public subnet's route table lacks a route to the Internet Gateway, the NAT gateway cannot reach external internet endpoints, breaking the connection chain for the private instance.
To determine the exact configuration mismatch causing the connectivity failure.

Anahtar Kavram

Subnet route table inheritance and NAT gateway internet dependencies
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