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Zorluk: Çok zorMotherboard, RAM, CPU, and Power Issues

A desktop workstation powers on with fans spinning at maximum speed continuously, but it fails to POST, displays no video output, produces no diagnostic beep codes, and fails to shut down even when the power button is held for 10 seconds. A technician uses a multimeter on the 24-pin ATX power connector and verifies that the +3.3 VDC, +5 VDC, and +12 VDC main rails are within normal operating tolerances. However, testing the Gray wire (PWR_OK) indicates a constant reading of 0 VDC. Which of the following is the MOST likely root cause of this failure?

  1. A
    The BIOS/UEFI firmware corrupted during startup, preventing the system from initializing POST routine check routines or generating error codes.
  2. B
    The system RAM modules are installed in non-matching memory channels, preventing dual-channel memory initialization.
  3. The power supply unit is defective because it fails to assert the Power Good signal required for the motherboard chipset to release the CPU from reset.Cevap
  4. D
    The CPU thermal throttling mechanism engaged due to inadequate contact with the heat sink, forcing immediate core shutdown.

Cevap

The power supply unit is defective because it fails to assert the Power Good signal required for the motherboard chipset to release the CPU from reset.
The correct answer identifies that the power supply unit is failing to assert the +5 VDC Power Good (PWR_OK) signal. When a PC powers on, the power supply performs self-tests. Once internal voltages (+3.3V, +5V, +12V) stabilize, the PSU sends a +3V to +5V signal to the motherboard on the PWR_OK pin. The motherboard timer circuit receives this signal and releases the CPU reset line, allowing the CPU to begin executing BIOS/UEFI code. If PWR_OK remains at 0 VDC, the CPU is permanently held in reset, causing fans to spin without POST, beep codes, or chipset control.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze reported system symptoms
System powers on with max fans, no video, no POST beep codes, and no response to holding down the power button.
These symptoms point toward the processor being held in a continuous hardware reset state before BIOS code execution can start.
2
Interpret voltage multimeter diagnostic data on the ATX 24-pin connector
The main voltage rails (+3.3 VDC, +5 VDC, +12 VDC) are present, but the Gray wire (PWR_OK) reads 0 VDC.
The Power Good signal must supply +3 VDC to +5 VDC to indicate to the motherboard timer and chipset that power has stabilized.
3
Deduce hardware component failure
The PSU fails to assert PWR_OK, keeping the motherboard timer circuit from releasing the CPU reset line.
Replacing or servicing the power supply unit will restore the proper Power Good signal and allow normal POST sequence initiation.

Anahtar Kavram

Power Good (PWR_OK) Signal and CPU Reset Mechanism
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
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