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Zorluk: OrtaRouting Concepts and Dynamic Routing Protocols

When an enterprise router receives an IP packet, it executes a standardized path selection hierarchy to determine the optimal route for packet forwarding. Place the following route evaluation steps in the correct sequential order from first decision criteria to last.

  1. 1Filter all candidate destination entries in the routing table to find routes that match the packet's destination IP address.
  2. 2Select the route with the longest prefix length (most specific subnet mask) among all matching candidates.
  3. 3Compare the Administrative Distance (AD) of routes sharing the exact same prefix length from different routing sources and select the lowest AD.
  4. 4Compare protocol-specific metrics for routes with matching prefix lengths and equal Administrative Distance, selecting the route with the lowest metric cost.
  5. 5Install multiple identical paths into the routing table to perform Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) load balancing if prefix length, AD, and metric are all identical.

Cevap

The correct sequence for router path selection is: 1) Filter matching routing table entries, 2) Select the longest prefix match, 3) Select the route with the lowest Administrative Distance, 4) Select the route with the lowest metric, and 5) Install equal-cost paths for Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) load balancing.
The correct order follows the standard IP routing decision tree: the router first filters candidate routes, selects the route with the Longest Prefix Match (LPM), breaks ties between different protocols using Administrative Distance (AD), breaks ties within the same protocol using metric cost, and finally utilizes Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) if all parameters are completely identical.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify all matching prefixes
Candidate routes matching the packet destination IP address are filtered.
Routing lookup requires identifying all valid target subnets first.
2
Apply Longest Prefix Match (LPM)
The route with the highest number of matching network bits is selected.
Prefix specificity always overrides protocol believability (AD) or metric.
3
Evaluate Administrative Distance (AD)
The route from the protocol with the lowest AD is selected when prefix lengths are equal.
AD measures protocol trustworthiness across distinct routing sources.
4
Evaluate Routing Protocol Metric
The path with the lowest metric cost within the selected protocol is chosen.
Metric measures relative path desirability within a single routing protocol.
5
Apply Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)
Multiple matching routes are installed for simultaneous packet forwarding.
When prefix, AD, and metric tie completely, ECMP balances traffic across paths.

Anahtar Kavram

Router Path Selection Hierarchy (LPM -> AD -> Metric -> ECMP)
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