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Zorluk: KolayTroubleshooting Routing, Default Gateways, and ACLs

A network technician is troubleshooting a workstation that can ping other local hosts on the 192.168.10.0/24192.168.10.0/24 subnet but cannot access any remote servers on external networks. Running an IP configuration utility displays the following settings:

- IP Address: 192.168.10.45192.168.10.45
- Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0255.255.255.0
- Default Gateway: 192.168.20.1192.168.20.1

Which of the following configuration issues is preventing the workstation from reaching external networks?

  1. The default gateway IP address is located on a different subnet than the workstation.Cevap
  2. B
    The workstation is assigned a reserved broadcast address that prevents outbound packet transmission.
  3. C
    The workstation requires an active DHCP relay agent to forward frames to a gateway on a different broadcast domain.
  4. D
    The default gateway is configured to use a port and protocol mismatch for Layer 3 communication.

Cevap

The default gateway IP address is located on a different subnet than the workstation.
A host needs a default gateway configured on its own local IP subnet so it can resolve the gateway's MAC address via ARP and deliver off-subnet frames. Because the workstation resides in 192.168.10.0/24192.168.10.0/24 while the gateway address is configured as 192.168.20.1192.168.20.1, the host considers the gateway unreachable and cannot transmit packets to external destinations.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the host network configuration parameters.
Host IP address is 192.168.10.45192.168.10.45 with mask 255.255.255.0255.255.255.0 (/24), defining the local subnet as 192.168.10.0192.168.10.0 to 192.168.10.255192.168.10.255.
Determining the local subnet boundaries is necessary to evaluate local address validity.
2
Compare the default gateway IP address against the host subnet range.
The gateway 192.168.20.1192.168.20.1 belongs to the 192.168.20.0/24192.168.20.0/24 network, which is outside the host's local subnet.
For a host to forward non-local traffic, the default gateway's IP address must be directly reachable on the local Layer 2 segment.
3
Identify the root cause of the external unreachability.
The workstation cannot send ARP requests or Ethernet frames directly to a gateway that resides on a foreign subnet.
Mismatched gateway subnets prevent out-of-subnet routing.

Anahtar Kavram

Default Gateway Subnet Alignment
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Konular

Troubleshooting Routing, Default Gateways, and ACLs

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