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Zorluk: Çok zorAnalyzing Boldface Statement Roles and Argument Structure

Read the following argument regarding environmental economic policy carefully, and match each boldfaced statement to its specific structural role within the overall argument:

Many economic analysts contend that imposing a carbon tax on domestic manufacturing will severely undermine international competitiveness. Data from pilot tax programs show that domestic manufacturers offset compliance costs by improving energy efficiency. Based on this finding, environmental advocates argue that carbon taxation yields net environmental gains without hurting economic output. However, this argument falsely assumes that energy efficiency gains can be scaled indefinitely across all manufacturing sectors. Therefore, implementing a comprehensive carbon tax under current conditions is likely to cause substantial net harm to domestic industry.

  • First boldfaced statement ("Data from pilot tax programs...")Evidence cited to support a position that the author ultimately criticizes.
  • Second boldfaced statement ("However, this argument falsely assumes...")A premise offered by the author to undermine the reasoning of an opposing group.
  • Third boldfaced statement ("implementing a comprehensive carbon tax...")The main conclusion reached by the author of the argument.

Cevap

The first boldfaced statement matches 'Evidence cited to support a position that the author ultimately criticizes.', the second boldfaced statement matches 'A premise offered by the author to undermine the reasoning of an opposing group.', and the third boldfaced statement matches 'The main conclusion reached by the author of the argument.'
The first boldfaced statement introduces empirical evidence from pilot programs that supports the environmental advocates' view, which the author subsequently refutes. The second boldfaced statement serves as a counter-premise directly targeting an unstated assumption of those advocates. The third boldfaced statement is the final claim supported by the author's rebuttal, making it the main conclusion.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the main argument flow and identify the author's stance.
The author concludes that implementing a comprehensive carbon tax under current conditions is likely to cause substantial net harm to domestic industry.
Establishing the main conclusion anchors the overall structural organization of the passage.
2
Determine the role of the first boldface statement.
It describes empirical data showing energy efficiency improvements, which environmental advocates use to support carbon taxation. The author later refutes this advocacy.
Recognizing that this evidence supports an opposing view helps classify it as evidence for a criticized position.
3
Determine the role of the second boldface statement.
It directly attacks the environmental advocates' argument by highlighting an unviable assumption regarding scaling.
This statement functions as the author's premise used to weaken the intermediate counter-position.
4
Determine the role of the third boldface statement.
Introduced by 'Therefore', it states the final judgment of the author.
This statement represents the author's main conclusion.

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Analyzing Boldface Statement Roles and Argument Structure
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Analyzing Boldface Statement Roles and Argument Structure

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