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Zorluk: ZorSet Theory Concepts and Venn Diagrams

A survey of 500500 university researchers evaluated their usage of three high-performance computing resources: Cloud Containers (CC), GPU Accelerators (GG), and Distributed Storage (DD). Exactly 5050 researchers use none of these three resources. The survey revealed that equal numbers of researchers use Cloud Containers and GPU Accelerators (C=G=240|C| = |G| = 240), while 210210 researchers use Distributed Storage (D=210|D| = 210). Exactly 4040 researchers use all three resources. Furthermore, the number of researchers who use both CC and GG but not DD is equal to the number who use both GG and DD but not CC, and this quantity is exactly twice the number of researchers who use both CC and DD but not GG.

How many researchers use GPU Accelerators (GG) ONLY?

  1. A
    32
  2. 72Cevap
  3. C
    104
  4. D
    112
  5. E
    144

Cevap

72 researchers use GPU Accelerators (GG) only.
The total number of researchers using at least one resource is 50050=450500 - 50 = 450. Assigning xx to the region using Cloud Containers and Distributed Storage only, the regions for C-and-G-only and G-and-D-only are each 2x2x. Applying the three-set inclusion-exclusion principle gives 450=240+240+210(5x+120)+40450 = 240 + 240 + 210 - (5x + 120) + 40, which simplifies to 5x=1605x = 160, so x=32x = 32. The exclusive overlapping regions containing GPU Accelerators are 2(32)=642(32) = 64 and 2(32)=642(32) = 64. Subtracting these overlaps along with the triple intersection (4040) from G=240|G| = 240 yields 240(64+64+40)=72240 - (64 + 64 + 40) = 72.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the total number of researchers using at least one resource.
CGD=50050=450|C \cup G \cup D| = 500 - 50 = 450.
Subtract researchers who use none of the resources from the total surveyed.
2
Define variables for the two-set exclusive intersection regions.
Let CDGc=x|C \cap D \cap G^c| = x. Then CGDc=2x|C \cap G \cap D^c| = 2x and GDCc=2x|G \cap D \cap C^c| = 2x.
The problem states that the C-and-D-only region is half of the other two exclusive two-set intersection regions.
3
Express the full pairwise intersections including the triple intersection (CGD=40|C \cap G \cap D| = 40).
CG=2x+40|C \cap G| = 2x + 40, GD=2x+40|G \cap D| = 2x + 40, and CD=x+40|C \cap D| = x + 40.
Each pairwise intersection is the sum of its exclusive two-set intersection and the three-set intersection.
4
Apply the 3-Set Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion.
450=240+240+210[(2x+40)+(2x+40)+(x+40)]+40    450=690(5x+120)+40    450=6105x    5x=160    x=32450 = 240 + 240 + 210 - [(2x + 40) + (2x + 40) + (x + 40)] + 40 \implies 450 = 690 - (5x + 120) + 40 \implies 450 = 610 - 5x \implies 5x = 160 \implies x = 32.
Inclusion-exclusion formula: CGD=C+G+D(CG+GD+CD)+CGD|C \cup G \cup D| = |C| + |G| + |D| - (|C \cap G| + |G \cap D| + |C \cap D|) + |C \cap G \cap D|.
5
Calculate the number of researchers using GPU Accelerators (GG) only.
Exclusive GG-only =G(CGDc+GDCc+CGD)=240(64+64+40)=240168=72= |G| - (|C \cap G \cap D^c| + |G \cap D \cap C^c| + |C \cap G \cap D|) = 240 - (64 + 64 + 40) = 240 - 168 = 72.
Subtract all overlapping regions within set GG from the total size of set GG.

Anahtar Kavram

3-Set Inclusion-Exclusion Principle and Venn Diagram Region Partitioning
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