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Zorluk: OrtaMust Be True / Most Strongly Supported

Archival conservation standards establish the following protocols for historical documents:
- Any manuscript treated with an aqueous deacidification bath contains alkaline buffer residues.
- If an archival item contains alkaline buffer residues, it cannot be safely housed in a standard cellulose acetate enclosure.
- Every manuscript housed in cold-storage vault Gamma is either a parchment codex or a document that was treated with an aqueous deacidification bath.
- No parchment codex contains alkaline buffer residues.
- Item M-402 is an archival document housed in cold-storage vault Gamma and is safely housed in a standard cellulose acetate enclosure.

Based on the information above, which of the following statements must be true? (Select all that apply)

  1. Item M-402 is a parchment codex.Cevap
  2. B
    Any archival document in the collection that is not a parchment codex was treated with an aqueous deacidification bath.
  3. Item M-402 was not treated with an aqueous deacidification bath.Cevap
  4. D
    Every archival item that cannot be safely housed in a standard cellulose acetate enclosure contains alkaline buffer residues.
  5. E
    No item housed in cold-storage vault Gamma contains alkaline buffer residues.

Cevap

The statements that must be true are that Item M-402 is a parchment codex and that Item M-402 was not treated with an aqueous deacidification bath.
Because Item M-402 is safely housed in a standard cellulose acetate enclosure, the contrapositive of the enclosure rule establishes that it does not contain alkaline buffer residues. In turn, the contrapositive of the deacidification rule proves that Item M-402 was not treated with an aqueous deacidification bath. Finally, because all manuscripts in vault Gamma must either be parchment codices or have received an aqueous deacidification bath, disjunctive elimination confirms that Item M-402 must be a parchment codex.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the chemical residue status of Item M-402 using contrapositive reasoning.
Item M-402 does not contain alkaline buffer residues.
The stimulus establishes that containing alkaline buffer residues prevents safe housing in standard cellulose acetate enclosures. Because Item M-402 is safely housed in such an enclosure, the contrapositive guarantees it lacks alkaline buffer residues.
2
Evaluate whether Item M-402 underwent an aqueous deacidification bath.
Item M-402 was not treated with an aqueous deacidification bath.
The stimulus states that any manuscript treated with an aqueous deacidification bath contains alkaline buffer residues. Since Item M-402 has no alkaline buffer residues, the contrapositive establishes that it was not treated with such a bath.
3
Apply disjunctive syllogism to the vault Gamma inventory constraints.
Item M-402 must be a parchment codex.
Every manuscript in vault Gamma must be either a parchment codex or a document treated with an aqueous deacidification bath. Because Item M-402 is in vault Gamma and was not treated with an aqueous deacidification bath, it must be a parchment codex.

Anahtar Kavram

Deductive chaining through contrapositive derivation and disjunctive syllogism
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Konular

Must Be True / Most Strongly Supported

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