A new highway bypass has been proposed to reduce traffic congestion in the city center. However, constructing the bypass would require demolishing several historic buildings in the downtown district. Since the city's traffic congestion could also be significantly reduced by expanding the existing public transit system, the city council must reject the proposal for the new highway bypass.
Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps to justify the argument's conclusion?
- Any proposed project that requires the destruction of historic buildings must be rejected if its primary objective can be achieved through alternative measures.Cevap
- BA proposed project should be rejected only when it requires the destruction of historic buildings and its objective can be met through alternative measures.
- CIf a proposed project's objective cannot be met through alternative measures, the proposal should be approved even if it requires the destruction of historic buildings.
- DIf a city council rejects a proposed project, it must be because the project threatens historic buildings and there are other ways to solve the problem the project addresses.
- EAny proposal that aims to reduce traffic congestion should be rejected if the same objective can be achieved at a significantly lower financial cost.
Cevap
Any proposed project that requires the destruction of historic buildings must be rejected if its primary objective can be achieved through alternative measures.
This principle acts as a perfect conditional bridge. The stimulus provides two facts: the project destroys historic buildings, and there are alternative measures to achieve its goal. This principle states that if these two conditions are met, the project 'must be rejected', which perfectly matches and mathematically guarantees the argument's conclusion.
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Anahtar Kavram
Identifying a sufficient principle that formally guarantees the conclusion when the argument's premises are met.