Technology policy analyst: A newly mandated chemical additive, PetroZ, reduces friction in commercial power plant turbines by 15 percent. This reduced friction leads to lower operating temperatures and significantly extends the lifespan of internal turbine parts. Therefore, power companies that comply with the mandate to use PetroZ will spend less money on turbine maintenance overall.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the technology policy analyst's argument depends?
- The use of PetroZ does not cause damage to the turbines that would result in repair costs exceeding the savings from the extended lifespan of internal parts.Cevap
- BThe replacement of internal turbine parts is the only factor that currently contributes to turbine maintenance costs for these power companies.
- CPower plant turbines operating at lower temperatures generally consume less fuel, which yields substantial financial savings for the companies.
- DAny reduction in turbine friction will inevitably translate into a corresponding decrease in overall maintenance expenditures.
- EPrior to the mandate, no other available additive could reduce commercial turbine friction by as much as 15 percent.
Cevap
The correct assumption is that the use of PetroZ does not cause damage to the turbines that would result in repair costs exceeding the savings from the extended lifespan of internal parts.
The argument concludes that using PetroZ will lower overall maintenance costs because it saves money by extending the lifespan of internal parts. However, for overall costs to decrease, the new additive must not simultaneously introduce new, more expensive maintenance issues. This option acts as a necessary 'defender' assumption; if PetroZ did cause damage resulting in repair costs that exceed the savings, the conclusion would immediately fail.
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Identifying Defender Assumptions using the Negation Technique
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