Passage:
In recent decades, historians of science have increasingly challenged the "triumphalist" narrative of scientific progress, which characterizes the history of science as a linear, inevitable march toward absolute truth. Critics of this narrative have rightly pointed out that scientific revolutions often involve abrupt paradigm shifts influenced as much by sociological factors as by empirical data. However, some contemporary sociologists of science have taken this critique to a relativistic extreme, arguing that scientific theories are purely social constructs and possess no privileged claim to describing objective reality. This radical constructivist view fundamentally misinterprets the nature of scientific consensus. While the *process* of scientific inquiry is undeniably mediated by cultural, political, and social contexts, the *outcomes* of that inquiry—when subjected to rigorous, long-term empirical testing—eventually converge on independent physical realities. To acknowledge that a radio telescope is a culturally situated artifact is not to concede that the celestial bodies it detects are social constructs.
Statement:
Based on the passage, the author would most likely agree with the assertion that a detailed historical analysis demonstrating how Cold War military funding priorities shaped the initial development of modern oceanography is fully compatible with the position that the resulting oceanographic discoveries accurately describe independent physical realities.
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