Marine Biologist: Any coral reef ecosystem that undergoes a rapid recovery following a severe thermal bleaching event must possess high functional herbivore diversity, because herbivorous fish graze down macroalgae that would otherwise outcompete newly settling coral recruits. Recent monitoring surveys confirmed that the Tuvana Atoll reef system has maintained exceptionally high functional herbivore diversity over the past decade. Therefore, following last summer's severe bleaching event, the Tuvana Atoll reef system will undoubtedly achieve a rapid recovery.
The reasoning in the marine biologist's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument
- Atreats an intermediate finding regarding herbivore grazing as the overall conclusion of the argument
- Battempts to refute the monitoring surveys by questioning the reliability of the methods used to measure biodiversity
- treats a condition that is necessary for rapid coral recovery as though it were sufficient to guarantee that recoveryCevap
- Dpresumes that environmental conditions that affect one coral atoll will have identical effects on all global marine ecosystems
- Einfers that because two ecological events occurred around the same time, one event must have caused the other
Cevap
Treats a condition that is necessary for rapid coral recovery as though it were sufficient to guarantee that recovery
The premise states that any reef undergoing rapid recovery 'must possess' high functional herbivore diversity, making high diversity a necessary condition for rapid recovery. The author then notes that Tuvana Atoll satisfies this necessary condition and concludes that it will certainly achieve rapid recovery. This is a classic conditional error: it mistakenly assumes that satisfying a necessary condition is sufficient to guarantee the outcome.
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Flaw in the Reasoning: Necessary versus Sufficient Condition Confusion (Conditional Reversal)
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