Soru

Passage A
For much of the past century, theoretical immunology has been organized around the paradigm of self/non-self discrimination. Rooted in mid-twentieth-century clonal selection theory, this model posits that the immune system’s defining evolutionary function is to identify and preserve the organism’s own molecular constituents while identifying and eliminating foreign entities. Under this framework, developing lymphocytes undergo a rigorous central tolerance screening in early development, wherein cells reactive to indigenous proteins are systematically destroyed or neutralized. The surviving immune repertoire thus operates on a binary classification: endogenous markers are granted systemic tolerance, whereas exogenous molecular structures trigger an aggressive defensive cascade. Autoimmune disorders are conceptualized within this framework as structural aberrations—pathological failures where the barrier of self-recognition collapses and the immune apparatus erroneously attacks native tissue. This binary assumption has provided the foundational logic for conventional transplantation medicine and vaccine development, presuming that foreign antigens are inherently immunogenic.

Passage B
Although the self/non-self paradigm provided a productive heuristic for decades, it struggles to account for ubiquitous physiological phenomena. It cannot explain why healthy hosts peacefully harbor trillions of foreign symbiotic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, nor why the genetically foreign mammalian fetus is not routinely attacked by the maternal immune system. To resolve these contradictions, theorists formulated the "danger model," which redefines the fundamental trigger of immune activation. This perspective argues that the immune system does not discriminate between self and foreign, but rather between dangerous and harmless contexts. Immune responses are initiated only when antigen-presenting cells detect endogenous biochemical alarms—alarmins or damage-associated molecular patterns—released by injured, stressed, or necrotic host cells. Consequently, foreign entities that cause no tissue trauma fail to provoke an immune response, whereas uninfected but severely damaged host tissues readily stimulate immune mobilization.

Based on the passages, the authors would be most likely to disagree about which one of the following claims?