City Planner: In order for the municipality to achieve its statutory carbon-reduction targets by 2030, the transit department must replace all diesel-powered municipal buses with zero-emission electric vehicles. According to recent procurement records, the transit department will successfully complete this transition to an all-electric fleet before the end of 2028. Thus, we can be confident that the municipality will achieve its statutory carbon-reduction targets by 2030.
Which of the following most accurately describes a flaw in the city planner's reasoning?
- Arejects the possibility that municipal carbon emissions could be reduced through methods other than electrifying the bus fleet
- treats a condition that is required for achieving an outcome as though it were sufficient to guarantee that outcomeCevap
- Crelies on an assumption that all other municipal departments will always fail to reduce their carbon output
- Dmistakes an intermediate conclusion regarding bus fleet procurement for the main conclusion of the argument
- Edisputes the factual accuracy of the procurement records without providing contradictory evidence
Cevap
The argument is flawed because it treats a condition that is necessary for achieving an outcome as though it were sufficient to guarantee that outcome.
The premise sets up bus electrification as a prerequisite (a necessary condition) for achieving statutory carbon-reduction targets. By inferring that completing this electrification project ensures the attainment of the overarching targets, the speaker mistakenly treats a necessary condition as a sufficient one. Other sectors or municipal emissions sources could still cause the city to fall short of its overall targets.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Distinguishing Necessary from Sufficient Conditions
Tahmini Süre:1m 20s