Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: Çok zorMust Be True Questions

Any subduction zone that experiences deep episodic tremor and slip (ETS) exhibits extensive silica deposition within its upper mantle wedge. Extensive silica deposition within an upper mantle wedge always results in a reduction of the subduction zone's overall thermal conductivity. Furthermore, a subduction zone with reduced overall thermal conductivity cannot generate megathrust earthquakes exceeding magnitude 8.5 unless it maintains a trench-parallel sediment subduction rate of at least 5 centimeters per year. Research indicates that most subduction zones located in the Oakhaven tectonic basin experience deep ETS, yet none of the subduction zones in this basin maintain a trench-parallel sediment subduction rate of at least 5 centimeters per year.

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true?

  1. Most subduction zones in the Oakhaven tectonic basin are incapable of generating megathrust earthquakes exceeding magnitude 8.5.Cevap
  2. B
    All subduction zones in the Oakhaven tectonic basin experience a reduction in their overall thermal conductivity.
  3. C
    Any subduction zone that maintains a trench-parallel sediment subduction rate of at least 5 centimeters per year is capable of generating megathrust earthquakes exceeding magnitude 8.5.
  4. D
    Any subduction zone that exhibits extensive silica deposition within its upper mantle wedge experiences deep episodic tremor and slip.
  5. E
    Subduction zones that do not experience extensive silica deposition within their upper mantle wedge are more likely to generate megathrust earthquakes exceeding magnitude 8.5.

Cevap

Most subduction zones in the Oakhaven tectonic basin are incapable of generating megathrust earthquakes exceeding magnitude 8.5.
The correct answer accurately chains the formal logic. We know that most Oakhaven zones experience ETS, which guarantees they have reduced thermal conductivity. The rule states that zones with reduced thermal conductivity absolutely need a sediment rate of at least 5 cm/year to generate a >8.5 magnitude earthquake. Because ZERO subduction zones in the Oakhaven basin meet this 5 cm/year requirement, it is 100% provable that those specific zones (the 'most' that have reduced thermal conductivity) cannot generate >8.5 magnitude earthquakes.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Map the universal conditional chain provided in the first two sentences.
ETS -> Silica Deposition -> Reduced Thermal Conductivity.
This establishes that any zone experiencing ETS inherently has reduced thermal conductivity.
2
Translate the 'unless' rule into a formal conditional statement.
If Reduced Thermal Conductivity, then (Magnitude > 8.5 -> Sediment Rate >= 5). Contrapositive: If Reduced Thermal Conductivity, then (Sediment Rate < 5 -> CANNOT generate Magnitude > 8.5).
'Unless' introduces a necessary condition. Without the necessary sediment rate, the event (massive earthquake) cannot occur in these specific zones.
3
Analyze the specific facts given about the Oakhaven tectonic basin using the established rules.
Most Oakhaven zones have ETS (and therefore Reduced Thermal Conductivity). ALL Oakhaven zones have a Sediment Rate < 5.
Applying the rules to the specific data sets up the final deduction.
4
Synthesize the facts to reach a valid deduction.
Since 'most' Oakhaven zones have Reduced Thermal Conductivity, and all Oakhaven zones fail the necessary sediment rate requirement, those 'most' zones cannot generate >8.5 earthquakes.
Combining the 'most' quantifier with the universal negative constraint yields a 'most cannot' conclusion.

Anahtar Kavram

Must Be True Questions
Bu soruyu puanla

Konular

Must Be True Questions

Bu konudan daha fazla soru