Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: KolayPerspective of Mentioned Groups

Read the following excerpt:

"When examining the evolution of criminal law in the nineteenth century, legal traditionalists argue that the shift from restorative to retributive justice was a necessary adaptation. According to these scholars, as communities expanded and became increasingly anonymous, informal community-mediated restitution was no longer adequate to deter crime. They contend that a formalized system of punishment, administered by a centralized state, became essential not only to maintain social order but also to establish clear moral boundaries for the public. However, this interpretation often ignores the underlying economic incentives that also drove the expansion of the penal system."

Based on the passage, which of the following principles would the "legal traditionalists" most likely endorse? Select all that apply.

  1. Centralized state administration of punishment is essential for maintaining order in large, anonymous societies.Cevap
  2. B
    The expansion of the penal system in the nineteenth century was primarily driven by economic incentives.
  3. C
    Restorative justice frameworks are universally ineffective and should never be utilized in any context.
  4. The transition toward retributive justice was a necessary historical adaptation in criminal law.Cevap
  5. E
    Informal, community-based restitution is the best method for establishing clear moral boundaries for the public.

Cevap

The legal traditionalists would endorse the necessity of centralized state punishment for maintaining order in large societies, and the view that the shift to retributive justice was a necessary adaptation.
The correct answers directly reflect the explicit attributions made to the legal traditionalists in the passage. The text states they view the shift to retributive justice as a 'necessary adaptation' and argue that a centralized state is essential to maintain order once communities become large and anonymous.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the target group in the passage.
The target group is 'legal traditionalists'.
The question specifically asks for the perspective of this group, requiring the reader to isolate their views from the author's voice.
2
Extract the specific claims attributed to the legal traditionalists.
They argue the shift to retributive justice was a 'necessary adaptation.' They also believe that as societies grew larger, 'informal community-mediated restitution was no longer adequate' and a 'centralized state' punishment system became essential to 'maintain social order' and 'establish clear moral boundaries.'
Understanding their exact arguments is necessary to evaluate the given options.
3
Evaluate the options against the extracted claims.
The option regarding centralized state administration and the option regarding necessary historical adaptation directly match the extracted claims. The options about economic incentives, universal ineffectiveness, and informal restitution establishing moral boundaries contradict the text or attribute the author's view to the traditionalists.
This confirms the correct answers and identifies the distractors based on passage evidence.

Anahtar Kavram

Identifying and isolating the specific viewpoints of a mentioned group while avoiding extreme language and viewpoint misattribution.
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Konular

Perspective of Mentioned Groups

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