Below are four independent scenarios in which an individual arrives at a specific conclusion based on a set of factual premises. For each scenario, select the broad normative or operational principle that, if assumed to be valid, would logically guarantee the conclusion drawn.
- An editor decides to publish a leaked internal memo about a major banking scandal, concluding that the publication is justified because it will allow thousands of defrauded investors to recover their stolen funds, even though the source of the leak cannot be authenticated.The obligation to expose severe financial harm and assist victims always supersedes any procedural requirement to authenticate the source of information.
- A zookeeper decides against treating an aging elephant's chronic joint pain with a newly developed steroid, reasoning that the treatment must be withheld because it carries a small risk of inducing a fatal heart condition.Preserving the maximum possible duration of an animal's life must always take priority over alleviating that animal's immediate physical distress.
- A chess tournament director disqualifies a grandmaster who accidentally bumped his opponent's chair during a critical move, declaring that the disqualification is necessary to maintain the integrity of the game's rules.Organizers and institutions ought to prioritize objective adherence to their foundational rules over evaluating the subjective intent of those who violate them.
- A smartphone manufacturer permanently disables the device's short-range wireless capability via a mandatory update upon finding a minor flaw, concluding that this action is required because user data might theoretically be accessed by a third party.It is always required to compromise the functionality of a product rather than allow even a theoretical vulnerability in the protection of information to persist.
Cevap
The correct pairings match each specific narrative to its underlying sufficient conditional rule, leaving the principle requiring 'definite and immediate harm' unmatched.
Each correct principle acts as a formal sufficient condition (A -> B) that perfectly bridges the gap between the specific premises offered by the decision-maker and their ultimate conclusion. By asserting that one specific value categorically outweighs another, the principles logically force the conclusions drawn in the scenarios.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Principle - Justify