Tüm alıştırma soruları

68 soru

Soru 61Soru →

A client with a history of generalized seizures is prescribed phenytoin 55 mg/kg/day PO divided into 22 equal doses. The client weighs 176176 lb. The available medication is phenytoin oral suspension 125125 mg / 55 mL. How many mL should the practical nurse administer per dose? (Record answer to the nearest whole number. Do not include units in the answer.)

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Cevap: 8

Cevap

8
To find the correct volume to administer, the practical nurse must complete a multi-step calculation. First, convert the weight to kilograms: 176 lb÷2.2=80176 \text{ lb} \div 2.2 = 80 kg. Next, calculate the total daily dose: 80 kg×5 mg/kg=40080 \text{ kg} \times 5 \text{ mg/kg} = 400 mg. Because the medication is divided into two equal doses, divide the daily dose by 22, yielding 200200 mg per dose. Finally, use the available concentration (125125 mg in 55 mL) to find the volume: 200 mg125 mg×5 mL=8\frac{200 \text{ mg}}{125 \text{ mg}} \times 5 \text{ mL} = 8 mL. The practical nurse will administer 88 mL per dose.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Convert the client's weight from pounds (lb) to kilograms (kg).
176÷2.2=80176 \div 2.2 = 80 kg
Weight-based medication prescriptions require the client's weight to be in metric units (kilograms).
2
Calculate the total daily medication dosage.
80 kg×5 mg/kg=40080 \text{ kg} \times 5 \text{ mg/kg} = 400 mg/day
The prescription specifies 55 mg of phenytoin per kilogram of body weight for the entire day.
3
Determine the amount of medication required for a single dose.
400 mg/day÷2 doses=200400 \text{ mg/day} \div 2 \text{ doses} = 200 mg/dose
The total daily dose must be divided into 22 equal doses as prescribed.
4
Calculate the liquid volume to administer using the available concentration.
200 mg125 mg×5 mL=1.6×5 mL=8\frac{200 \text{ mg}}{125 \text{ mg}} \times 5 \text{ mL} = 1.6 \times 5 \text{ mL} = 8 mL
Using the dimensional analysis or desired-over-have method ensures the correct volume of the oral suspension is administered.

Anahtar Kavram

Weight-based oral medication dosage calculation
Soru 62Soru →

While preparing medications for a pediatric client weighing 37.4 lb37.4\text{ lb}, a practical nurse notes a new prescription for ibuprofen 8 mg/kg/dose8\text{ mg/kg/dose} every 66 hours as needed for fever. The medication is available as an oral suspension of 100 mg/5 mL100\text{ mg}/5\text{ mL}. How many mL\text{mL} should the nurse administer for one dose? (Record answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in answer.)

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Cevap: 6.8

Cevap

6.8
Administering 6.8 mL6.8\text{ mL} provides exactly the prescribed 136 mg136\text{ mg} dose, which is correct and safe for a 17 kg17\text{ kg} pediatric client receiving 8 mg/kg8\text{ mg/kg}.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms.
37.4 lb÷2.2 lb/kg=17 kg37.4\text{ lb} \div 2.2\text{ lb/kg} = 17\text{ kg}
The prescribed dosage is weight-based in kilograms, so the client's weight must be converted first.
2
Calculate the required medication dose in milligrams.
17 kg×8 mg/kg=136 mg17\text{ kg} \times 8\text{ mg/kg} = 136\text{ mg}
This determines the exact milligram amount of medication the client needs for one single dose.
3
Calculate the liquid volume to administer using the provided concentration.
(136 mg÷100 mg)×5 mL=6.8 mL(136\text{ mg} \div 100\text{ mg}) \times 5\text{ mL} = 6.8\text{ mL}
This converts the required milligram dose into a measurable liquid volume to be drawn up in a syringe.

Anahtar Kavram

Pediatric Weight-Based Dosage Calculation
Soru 63Soru →

A practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer amoxicillin/clavulanate to a pediatric client who weighs 31.9 lb31.9\text{ lb}. The healthcare provider prescribed 45 mg/kg/day45\text{ mg/kg/day} by mouth, divided into equal doses to be given every 1212 hours. The pharmacy provides an oral suspension with a concentration of 400 mg/5 mL400\text{ mg}/5\text{ mL}. How many mL\text{mL} should the PN administer for each dose? (Record answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in answer.)

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Cevap: 4.1

Cevap

4.1
To accurately determine the required dose volume, the PN must calculate through a multi-step process. First, the child's weight is converted to kilograms (31.9÷2.2=14.5 kg31.9 \div 2.2 = 14.5\text{ kg}). Second, the total daily dose is calculated by multiplying the weight by the prescribed rate (14.5 kg×45 mg/kg=652.5 mg/day14.5\text{ kg} \times 45\text{ mg/kg} = 652.5\text{ mg/day}). Third, because the medication is given every 12 hours, the total daily dose must be divided into 2 doses (652.5÷2=326.25 mg/dose652.5 \div 2 = 326.25\text{ mg/dose}). Finally, the volume needed is found using the desired over have formula or dimensional analysis: (326.25 mg÷400 mg)×5 mL=4.078125 mL(326.25\text{ mg} \div 400\text{ mg}) \times 5\text{ mL} = 4.078125\text{ mL}. Rounding to the nearest tenth results in 4.14.1.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms.
31.9 lb÷2.2 lb/kg=14.5 kg31.9\text{ lb} \div 2.2\text{ lb/kg} = 14.5\text{ kg}
Weight-based dosing formulas require the client's weight in kilograms to ensure accurate dosage.
2
Calculate the total daily dose.
14.5 kg×45 mg/kg/day=652.5 mg/day14.5\text{ kg} \times 45\text{ mg/kg/day} = 652.5\text{ mg/day}
The prescription is written as a total amount of medication per kilogram per day.
3
Calculate the amount for a single dose.
652.5 mg/day÷2 doses/day=326.25 mg/dose652.5\text{ mg/day} \div 2\text{ doses/day} = 326.25\text{ mg/dose}
The medication is to be given every 12 hours, which equals 2 doses per 24-hour period.
4
Calculate the volume for the single dose.
326.25 mg×5 mL400 mg=1631.25400=4.078125 mL326.25\text{ mg} \times \frac{5\text{ mL}}{400\text{ mg}} = \frac{1631.25}{400} = 4.078125\text{ mL}
Use the concentration provided by the pharmacy (400 mg/5 mL400\text{ mg}/5\text{ mL}) to convert the ordered dose into the volume to administer.
5
Round the final answer.
4.1 mL4.1\text{ mL}
The prompt explicitly instructs to record the answer to the nearest tenth.

Anahtar Kavram

Pediatric Weight-Based Dosage Calculation
Soru 64Soru →

A practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of ampicillin intramuscularly (IM) to a pediatric client who weighs 52.8 lb52.8\text{ lb}. The healthcare provider's prescription reads: ampicillin 100 mg/kg/day100\text{ mg/kg/day} IM divided in equal doses every 6 hours. The pharmacy dispenses a 1 g1\text{ g} vial of ampicillin powder. The reconstitution instructions on the vial state: "Add 3.5 mL3.5\text{ mL} of sterile water for injection to yield a final volume of 4 mL4\text{ mL} with a concentration of 250 mg/mL250\text{ mg/mL}."

How many milliliters (mL) should the PN administer per dose?

Record your answer using one decimal place. Do not include units in your answer.

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Cevap: 2.4

Cevap

2.4
To solve this problem, first convert pounds to kilograms (52.8 lb÷2.2=24 kg52.8\text{ lb} \div 2.2 = 24\text{ kg}). Next, determine the total daily dose (24 kg×100 mg/kg=2400 mg/day24\text{ kg} \times 100\text{ mg/kg} = 2400\text{ mg/day}). Since the medication is given every 6 hours (4 times a day), divide the daily dose by 4 to find the single dose (2400 mg÷4=600 mg/dose2400\text{ mg} \div 4 = 600\text{ mg/dose}). Finally, use the final yield concentration (250 mg/mL250\text{ mg/mL}) to find the volume: 600 mg÷250 mg/mL=2.4 mL600\text{ mg} \div 250\text{ mg/mL} = 2.4\text{ mL}. The values of 1 g1\text{ g}, 3.5 mL3.5\text{ mL} of sterile water, and 4 mL4\text{ mL} total volume are extraneous information not used in the final equation.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Convert the client's weight from pounds (lb) to kilograms (kg).
24 kg24\text{ kg}
The medication is prescribed based on milligrams per kilogram (mg/kgmg/kg), so the weight must be in standard metric units (52.8 lb÷2.2 lb/kg=24 kg52.8\text{ lb} \div 2.2\text{ lb/kg} = 24\text{ kg}).
2
Calculate the total daily dose of the medication.
2400 mg/day2400\text{ mg/day}
Multiply the client's weight in kg by the prescribed daily dosage parameter (24 kg×100 mg/kg/day=2400 mg/day24\text{ kg} \times 100\text{ mg/kg/day} = 2400\text{ mg/day}).
3
Determine the amount of medication required for a single dose.
600 mg/dose600\text{ mg/dose}
The medication is ordered every 6 hours, which equals 4 doses in a 24-hour period. Divide the total daily dose by 4 (2400 mg÷4=600 mg/dose2400\text{ mg} \div 4 = 600\text{ mg/dose}).
4
Calculate the required volume to administer using the final reconstituted concentration.
2.4 mL2.4\text{ mL}
Divide the desired dose (600 mg600\text{ mg}) by the concentration on hand (250 mg/mL250\text{ mg/mL}). The diluent amount (3.5 mL3.5\text{ mL}) and total vial volume (4 mL4\text{ mL}) are extraneous distractors (600 mg÷250 mg/mL=2.4 mL600\text{ mg} \div 250\text{ mg/mL} = 2.4\text{ mL}).

Anahtar Kavram

Advanced dosage calculation requiring weight conversion, daily-to-single dose division, and identification of correct reconstitution concentration while filtering extraneous data.
Tahmini Süre:3m 0s
Soru 65Soru →

A client weighing 198 lb198\text{ lb} is prescribed enoxaparin sodium 1 mg/kg1\text{ mg/kg} subcutaneously every 12 hours for the treatment of a deep vein thrombosis. The medication is supplied as a prefilled syringe containing 120 mg120\text{ mg} in 0.8 mL0.8\text{ mL}. How many milliliters (mL\text{mL}) should the practical nurse administer for a single dose?

(Record the answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in the answer.)

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Cevap: 0.6

Cevap

0.6
To determine the correct volume to administer, the nurse must first convert the client's weight to kilograms: 198 lb÷2.2=90 kg198\text{ lb} \div 2.2 = 90\text{ kg}. Next, the desired dose is calculated by multiplying the weight by the prescribed amount: 90 kg×1 mg/kg=90 mg90\text{ kg} \times 1\text{ mg/kg} = 90\text{ mg}. Finally, the volume is calculated using the formula (Desired / Have) ×\times Volume: (90 mg÷120 mg)×0.8 mL=0.6 mL(90\text{ mg} \div 120\text{ mg}) \times 0.8\text{ mL} = 0.6\text{ mL}.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms
90 kg
The medication is prescribed based on the client's weight in kilograms.
2
Calculate the total required dose per administration
90 mg
Multiply the client's weight in kilograms by the prescribed dosage of 1 mg/kg.
3
Determine the liquid volume to administer
0.6 mL
Divide the desired dose (90 mg) by the available concentration (120 mg), then multiply by the supplied volume (0.8 mL).

Anahtar Kavram

Weight-based parenteral medication dosage calculation
Soru 66Soru →

A pediatric client with a respiratory tract infection has an order for amoxicillin suspension. The medical record indicates the child weighs 16 kg16\text{ kg}. The prescribed dose is 45 mg/kg/day45\text{ mg/kg/day}, divided equally and given every 12 hours12\text{ hours}. The dispensed bottle contains a concentration of 250 mg/5 mL250\text{ mg}/5\text{ mL}. How many mL should be prepared for a single administration?

Record your answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in your answer.

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Cevap: 7.2

Cevap

7.2
The correct volume is calculated by first determining the total daily dose based on the client's weight (16 kg×45 mg/kg/day=720 mg/day16\text{ kg} \times 45\text{ mg/kg/day} = 720\text{ mg/day}). This total is then divided into two doses because the medication is scheduled every 1212 hours, resulting in 360 mg360\text{ mg} per dose. Using the available concentration of 250 mg/5 mL250\text{ mg}/5\text{ mL}, the required volume is (360250×5=7.2 mL\frac{360}{250} \times 5 = 7.2\text{ mL}).

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate the total daily dose in milligrams.
16 kg×45 mg/kg/day=720 mg/day16\text{ kg} \times 45\text{ mg/kg/day} = 720\text{ mg/day}
The prescription provides a weight-based rate for a full 24-hour period, which must be determined first.
2
Determine the amount of medication required for a single dose.
720 mg÷2 doses=360 mg/dose720\text{ mg} \div 2\text{ doses} = 360\text{ mg/dose}
The medication is ordered every 1212 hours, meaning it is administered 22 times per day.
3
Calculate the liquid volume needed to deliver the single dose.
360 mg250 mg×5 mL=7.2 mL\frac{360\text{ mg}}{250\text{ mg}} \times 5\text{ mL} = 7.2\text{ mL}
This determines the required milliliter volume of the supplied suspension that contains the target dose of 360 mg360\text{ mg}.

Anahtar Kavram

Weight-based pediatric dosage calculation and liquid volume conversion
Tahmini Süre:2m 0s
Soru 67Soru →

A practical nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin to a pediatric client who weighs 24.2 lb24.2\text{ lb}. The healthcare provider prescribes clindamycin 15 mg/kg/day15\text{ mg/kg/day} intramuscularly (IM) divided into equal doses every 8 hours8\text{ hours}. The medication is supplied in a vial labeled 300 mg/2 mL300\text{ mg}/2\text{ mL}. How many mL will the practical nurse administer per dose? (Record the answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in your answer.)

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Cevap: 0.4

Cevap

0.4
The correct dose is calculated by sequentially converting weight to kilograms, finding the total daily dose, dividing by the administration frequency, and calculating the volume using the provided medication concentration. The resulting 0.366... mL0.366...\text{ mL} rounds to 0.4 mL0.4\text{ mL}.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms.
24.2÷2.2=11 kg24.2 \div 2.2 = 11\text{ kg}
The prescribed medication dosage is weight-based in kg, so the weight must be converted from pounds to kilograms.
2
Calculate the total daily dosage required.
11 kg×15 mg/kg=165 mg/day11\text{ kg} \times 15\text{ mg/kg} = 165\text{ mg/day}
Multiplying the client's weight in kg by the prescribed mg/kg/day provides the total amount of medication needed for 24 hours.
3
Determine the dose to be administered every 8 hours.
165 mg÷3=55 mg/dose165\text{ mg} \div 3 = 55\text{ mg/dose}
Medication ordered every 8 hours is given 3 times a day (24 / 8 = 3). Dividing the total daily dose by 3 gives the single dose amount.
4
Calculate the volume (mL) needed for the single dose.
55 mg×2 mL300 mg=0.3666... mL55\text{ mg} \times \frac{2\text{ mL}}{300\text{ mg}} = 0.3666...\text{ mL}
Using the formula (Desired / Have) x Volume, the needed dose is divided by the supplied concentration and multiplied by the supplied volume.
5
Round the final volume to the nearest tenth.
0.4 mL0.4\text{ mL}
Standard nursing administration and syringe measurement rules typically require rounding volumes less than 1 mL to the nearest hundredth or tenth depending on the syringe, but the prompt explicitly requested rounding to the nearest tenth.

Anahtar Kavram

Pediatric weight-based dosage calculation and parenteral volume computation
Soru 68Soru →

A practical nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of cefazolin 750 mg750\text{ mg} intramuscularly (IM) to a client with a skin infection. The medication is supplied as a 1 gram1\text{ gram} vial of dry powder. The reconstitution instructions on the vial state: "Add 2.5 mL2.5\text{ mL} of sterile water for injection to yield a final concentration of 330 mg/mL330\text{ mg/mL}."

How many mL\text{mL} should the nurse administer? Record the answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in the answer.

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Cevap: 2.3

Cevap

2.3
The correct volume is found by dividing the desired dose (750 mg750\text{ mg}) by the available concentration (330 mg330\text{ mg} per 1 mL1\text{ mL}), which equals 2.2727... mL2.2727... \text{ mL}. Rounded to the nearest tenth, this is 2.3 mL2.3\text{ mL}. Note that the 1 gram1\text{ gram} total powder amount and the 2.5 mL2.5\text{ mL} diluent volume are distractors and should not be used in the final equation once the final concentration is known.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the target dose and available concentration from the provided instructions.
Target dose: 750 mg750\text{ mg}, Concentration: 330 mg/mL330\text{ mg/mL}.
These are the essential values needed to calculate the physical volume to be administered.
2
Apply the standard dosage calculation formula: DesiredHave×Volume\frac{\text{Desired}}{\text{Have}} \times \text{Volume}.
750 mg330 mg×1 mL=2.2727... mL\frac{750\text{ mg}}{330\text{ mg}} \times 1\text{ mL} = 2.2727... \text{ mL}.
This formula converts the prescribed medication mass into the correct physical volume based on the reconstituted concentration.
3
Round the calculated volume to the nearest tenth as instructed.
2.2727... mL2.2727... \text{ mL} rounds to 2.3 mL2.3\text{ mL}.
Standard rounding rules dictate that a hundredths digit of 55 or greater rounds the tenths digit up.

Anahtar Kavram

Dosage Calculation for Reconstituted Medications
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Tüm alıştırma soruları — NCLEX-PN | Examkin