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Zorluk: KolayReduction of Risk Potential

A nurse is evaluating the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of an adult client admitted with an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following laboratory values indicate that the client is experiencing uncompensated respiratory acidosis? Select all that apply.

  1. pH of 7.28Cevap
  2. PaCO2 of 56 mm HgCevap
  3. HCO3- of 24 mEq/LCevap
  4. D
    pH of 7.46
  5. E
    PaCO2 of 32 mm Hg

Cevap

The laboratory values that confirm uncompensated respiratory acidosis are a pH of 7.28, a PaCO2 of 56 mm Hg, and an HCO3- of 24 mEq/L.
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis is characterized by three fundamental criteria: a low pH (below 7.35) confirming acidemia, an elevated PaCO2 (above 45 mm Hg) demonstrating respiratory dysfunction due to carbon dioxide retention, and a normal bicarbonate level (22-26 mEq/L) indicating that the renal system has not yet initiated a compensatory metabolic response.

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1
Analyze the pH to determine if the primary disturbance is acidosis or alkalosis.
The correct finding must be a pH less than 7.35.
The normal pH range is 7.35 to 7.45. Any value below 7.35 definitively establishes an acidotic state in the blood.
2
Examine the PaCO2 level to identify if the acidosis has a respiratory origin.
The correct finding must be a PaCO2 greater than 45 mm Hg.
Because carbon dioxide acts as an acid in the body, alveolar hypoventilation leads to CO2 retention. This establishes the respiratory component of the disorder.
3
Evaluate the HCO3- level to determine the presence or absence of metabolic compensation.
The correct finding must be an HCO3- within the normal range of 22 to 26 mEq/L.
An uncompensated state means the kidneys have not yet started to retain excess bicarbonate to offset the high acid levels in the blood.

Anahtar Kavram

Interpretation of uncompensated respiratory acidosis requires identifying a low pH (acidemia), an elevated PaCO2 (respiratory origin), and a normal HCO3- (lack of renal compensation).
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