A triage nurse is assigning isolation protocols for clients presenting to the emergency department. Match each client's clinical presentation with the most appropriate infection control precaution category.
- A client admitted with a suspected Mycoplasma pneumoniae infectionDroplet precautions (requires a surgical mask upon room entry)
- A client with a heavily draining sacral wound growing multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosaContact precautions (requires donning a gown and clean gloves prior to client care)
- A client with localized herpes zoster (shingles) who is currently receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapyAirborne and Contact precautions (requires an N95 respirator, gown, gloves, and a negative-pressure room)
- A client admitted with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and a history of advanced HIVStandard precautions (requires routine hand hygiene and PPE only if exposure to body fluids is anticipated)
Cevap
Mycoplasma pneumoniae matches Droplet precautions; multidrug-resistant wound matches Contact precautions; localized herpes zoster in an immunocompromised client matches Airborne and Contact precautions; Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia matches Standard precautions.
Each clinical presentation necessitates a specific tier of infection control based on how the organism spreads. Mycoplasma pneumoniae spreads via respiratory droplets (Droplet). Multidrug-resistant wound drainage spreads via contact (Contact). An immunocompromised client with shingles is at severe risk for disseminated viral shedding, requiring negative airflow and contact barriers (Airborne and Contact). PJP is non-communicable between clients, requiring routine care (Standard).
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Selecting the correct transmission-based precautions relies on accurately identifying the pathogen's mode of transmission and evaluating host factors, such as the client's immune status.