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Zorluk: OrtaStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

The charge nurse on a medical-surgical unit is coordinating room assignments for four newly admitted clients. Which client must be placed in a private room with monitored negative-pressure airflow?

  1. A 65-year-old client with disseminated herpes zoster and a history of leukemiaCevap
  2. B
    A 42-year-old client with suspected Neisseria meningitidis infection reporting a severe headache
  3. C
    A 58-year-old client with localized herpes zoster on the left thorax with intact vesicles
  4. D
    A 70-year-old client with a persistent cough and a sputum culture positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Cevap

The 65-year-old client with disseminated herpes zoster and a history of leukemia requires a private room with negative-pressure airflow.
Airborne precautions are indicated for pathogens that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air, such as the varicella-zoster virus (which causes disseminated herpes zoster). These precautions mandate placement in an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR) with monitored negative pressure, a minimum of 6 to 12 air changes per hour, and direct exhaust to the outside. The immunocompromised client with disseminated zoster poses a high risk for airborne transmission.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the mode of transmission for each client's condition.
Disseminated herpes zoster is airborne/contact; Neisseria meningitidis is droplet; localized zoster in an immunocompetent client is standard; Mycoplasma pneumoniae is droplet.
Determining transmission routes is essential for selecting the correct isolation tier.
2
Determine which isolation tier requires negative-pressure airflow.
Airborne precautions require an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR) with negative pressure.
To prevent infectious small droplet nuclei from drifting into hallways or other client rooms.
3
Match the pathogen requiring airborne precautions to the appropriate client scenario.
The client with disseminated herpes zoster is the only one who requires airborne precautions.
This client poses a high risk for airborne transmission of the varicella-zoster virus.

Anahtar Kavram

Airborne precautions and indications for negative-pressure airflow rooms
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Konular

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

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