A nurse is evaluating the transmission-based precaution requirements for four newly admitted clients. Match each client's specific clinical presentation to the corresponding mandatory room placement and personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements.
- Client with disseminated varicella zoster virus and weeping vesicular lesionsAirborne infection isolation room (AIIR); staff must wear an N95 respirator, gown, and gloves.
- Client with confirmed Neisseria meningitidis who received their first dose of antibiotics 4 hours agoPrivate room; staff must wear a surgical mask when working within 3 feet of the client.
- Client with an active Clostridioides difficile infection and profuse, watery diarrheaPrivate room; staff must wear a gown and gloves, and perform hand hygiene exclusively with soap and water.
- Client with active pulmonary tuberculosis and a productive, blood-tinged coughAirborne infection isolation room (AIIR); staff must wear an N95 or higher-level respirator.
Cevap
Disseminated varicella zoster matches with Airborne and Contact precautions; Neisseria meningitidis matches with Droplet precautions; Clostridioides difficile matches with Contact (enteric) precautions requiring soap and water; Pulmonary tuberculosis matches with Airborne precautions.
Transmission-based precautions are dictated by the pathogen's mode of transmission and specific clinical factors. Disseminated varicella zoster is highly contagious and spreads via airborne particles and direct contact, necessitating both Airborne and Contact precautions. Neisseria meningitidis spreads via large respiratory droplets and requires Droplet precautions until the client has received 24 hours of effective antibiotics. C. difficile spores are resistant to alcohol, requiring Contact precautions with mandatory soap and water hand hygiene. Pulmonary tuberculosis spreads via airborne droplet nuclei, requiring strict Airborne precautions including an AIIR and an N95 respirator.
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Anahtar Kavram
Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions