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Zorluk: OrtaStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit with a sudden onset of high fever, nuchal rigidity, photophobia, and a petechial rash. A lumbar puncture is performed, and preliminary cerebrospinal fluid results strongly suggest *Neisseria meningitidis*. Which of the following infection control interventions are appropriate for this client? (Select all that apply.)

  1. Place a standard surgical mask on the client if transport outside the room is necessary for diagnostic imaging.Cevap
  2. Maintain transmission-based precautions until exactly 24 hours of targeted, effective antibiotic therapy have been completed.Cevap
  3. Wear a face shield and protective gown when performing tasks likely to generate splashes of blood or body fluids.Cevap
  4. D
    Assign the client to a private airborne infection isolation room (AIIR) with monitored negative air pressure.
  5. E
    Require all nursing staff to don a fit-tested N95 respirator before entering the client's room.
  6. F
    Delegate the task of explaining the required personal protective equipment (PPE) to the client's visitors to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP).

Cevap

The appropriate interventions are placing a surgical mask on the client during transport, maintaining precautions for 24 hours after antibiotics are started, and wearing a face shield and gown for splash-risk procedures.
The client is infected with Neisseria meningitidis, which requires Droplet Precautions. The appropriate interventions include placing a surgical mask on the client during transport to prevent droplet spread, maintaining these precautions until the client has received 24 hours of effective antibiotics (after which they are no longer contagious), and applying Standard Precautions (such as face shields and gowns) during any procedure that might generate splashes of bodily fluids.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the pathogen and the required isolation category based on the clinical presentation.
The client has a suspected infection of Neisseria meningitidis, which is transmitted via large respiratory droplets and requires Droplet Precautions.
Proper pathogen identification dictates the specific transmission-based precautions needed to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
2
Determine the appropriate room assignment and personal protective equipment (PPE) for Droplet Precautions.
A standard private room is required, and healthcare workers must wear a standard surgical mask. Negative pressure rooms and N95 respirators are not indicated.
Droplets travel only short distances (usually 3 feet or less) and do not remain suspended in the air, meaning airborne-level protections are unnecessary.
3
Identify guidelines for client transport and the discontinuation of isolation precautions.
The client should wear a surgical mask if they must leave the room. Precautions can be discontinued 24 hours after initiating effective antibiotic therapy.
Containment at the source (the client) prevents environmental contamination, and the pathogen burden drops significantly after 24 hours of effective antimicrobial treatment.
4
Evaluate the proposed delegation and basic care principles.
Teaching visitors about PPE cannot be delegated to a UAP. Standard precautions for splashes apply universally.
Registered nurses retain the responsibility for all initial patient and family education, while standard precautions are a baseline requirement for all client interactions.

Anahtar Kavram

Droplet Precautions and Standard Precautions for Meningococcal Meningitis
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Konular

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

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