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Zorluk: OrtaHealth Promotion and Disease Prevention

A community health nurse is planning care for a multi-generational family during a home visit. The household consists of a 68-year-old with stage 3 chronic kidney disease, a 42-year-old female, a 26-year-old who is 28 weeks pregnant, and a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following nursing actions planned for this visit represents primary disease prevention?

  1. Administering the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine to the 26-year-old pregnant client.Cevap
  2. B
    Scheduling a routine screening mammogram and a Papanicolaou (Pap) test for the 42-year-old client.
  3. C
    Performing a standardized developmental milestone screening on the 4-month-old infant.
  4. D
    Reviewing a low-potassium and low-phosphorus dietary plan with the 68-year-old client.

Cevap

The correct answer is administering the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine to the pregnant client.
Primary prevention encompasses interventions that prevent the onset of a targeted condition or disease. Vaccinations provide immunity against specific pathogens, effectively preventing the diseases they cause before they ever occur. Administering the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy (ideally between 27 and 36 weeks gestation) protects the mother and provides vital passive immunity to the newborn against pertussis, making it a definitive primary prevention strategy.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Define the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of disease prevention.
Primary prevention prevents disease before it starts. Secondary prevention detects disease early. Tertiary prevention manages existing disease.
Establishing clear definitions is necessary to accurately classify the nursing actions presented in the options.
2
Evaluate the Tdap vaccine intervention for the pregnant client.
Vaccination prevents the onset of infectious diseases (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis) in both the mother and the newborn.
Because it stops a disease process from initiating, it perfectly aligns with the principles of primary prevention.
3
Evaluate the remaining options to confirm they are not primary prevention.
Screenings (mammogram, Pap, developmental) are secondary prevention. Specialized diets for chronic kidney disease are tertiary prevention.
This confirms the correct classification of all distractors and solidifies the final choice.

Anahtar Kavram

Levels of Disease Prevention (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)
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Konular

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

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