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Zorluk: KolayLogical Inferences

Ancient Roman marine concrete has survived for over two millennia in seawater, whereas modern concrete degrades within decades under similar conditions. Researchers found that the Romans mixed volcanic ash and lime with seawater, forming a mineral called aluminous tobermorite. This mineral crystallizes within the concrete, strengthening the structure over time and preventing cracks. Because modern concrete lacks volcanic ash, it does not form this mineral when exposed to seawater. Therefore, the exceptional durability of Roman marine concrete is largely attributable to ______

Which choice most logically completes the text?

  1. A
    the superior quality of ancient Roman lime compared to the lime used in modern construction.
  2. B
    the general superiority of ancient construction materials over all modern equivalents.
  3. the crystallization of a mineral that does not form in modern concrete.Cevap
  4. D
    the ability of volcanic ash to prevent modern concrete from cracking in freshwater lakes.

Cevap

the crystallization of a mineral that does not form in modern concrete
The passage explains that Roman concrete forms a mineral called aluminous tobermorite when mixed with volcanic ash and seawater, which strengthens the structure and prevents cracks. Since modern concrete lacks volcanic ash and does not form this mineral, the durability of Roman concrete is logically due to the crystallization of this mineral, which modern concrete cannot form.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the contrast presented in the passage.
Roman concrete survives for millennia in seawater, while modern concrete degrades in decades under similar conditions.
This establishes the premise comparing the durability of the two materials.
2
Identify the cause of Roman concrete's durability.
The formation and crystallization of the mineral aluminous tobermorite from volcanic ash, lime, and seawater.
This explanation shows what strengthens Roman concrete and prevents cracks.
3
Identify why modern concrete lacks this durability.
Modern concrete lacks volcanic ash, so it cannot form this mineral.
This explains why modern concrete does not share the same durability.
4
Draw the logical conclusion.
The durability of Roman concrete is due to the crystallization of this mineral, which modern concrete cannot produce.
This links the presence of the mineral in Roman concrete to its superior durability compared to modern concrete.

Anahtar Kavram

Drawing logical conclusions based directly on the relationships established in a text
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Logical Inferences

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