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Zorluk: ZorFunction Notation and Transformations

The function ff is defined by f(x)=3x4f(x) = 3^x - 4. In the xyxy-plane, the graph of the function gg is obtained by first reflecting the graph of ff across the xx-axis, then translating the graph vertically up by 10 units, and finally translating the graph horizontally to the right by 2 units. If g(c)=5g(c) = 5, what is the value of cc?

Cevap: 4

Cevap

The value of c is 4.
Reflecting the function f(x)=3x4f(x) = 3^x - 4 across the xx-axis changes its sign to f(x)=3x+4-f(x) = -3^x + 4. Translating this graph vertically up by 10 units adds 10 to the function, yielding 3x+14-3^x + 14. Finally, translating horizontally to the right by 2 units replaces xx with x2x - 2, producing the function g(x)=3x2+14g(x) = -3^{x-2} + 14. Setting g(c)=5g(c) = 5 gives the equation 3c2+14=5-3^{c-2} + 14 = 5. Subtracting 14 from both sides results in 3c2=9-3^{c-2} = -9, which simplifies to 3c2=93^{c-2} = 9. Since 9=329 = 3^2, the exponent c2c-2 must equal 2, which gives c=4c = 4.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Reflect the function f(x)=3x4f(x) = 3^x - 4 across the xx-axis
f(x)=(3x4)=3x+4-f(x) = -(3^x - 4) = -3^x + 4
A reflection across the xx-axis replaces yy with y-y, meaning the entire function is multiplied by 1-1.
2
Translate the reflected function vertically up by 10 units
3x+4+10=3x+14-3^x + 4 + 10 = -3^x + 14
A vertical translation upward by kk units adds kk directly to the function expression.
3
Translate the function horizontally to the right by 2 units
g(x)=3x2+14g(x) = -3^{x-2} + 14
A horizontal translation to the right by hh units replaces xx with xhx-h in the function expression.
4
Set g(c)=5g(c) = 5 and solve the exponential equation for cc
3c2+14=5    3c2=9    c2=2    c=4-3^{c-2} + 14 = 5 \implies 3^{c-2} = 9 \implies c - 2 = 2 \implies c = 4
Substitute cc into g(x)g(x), set the output to 5, isolate the exponential term, and equate exponents to find cc.

Anahtar Kavram

Applying sequential function transformations (reflections, vertical translations, horizontal translations) algebraically and solving exponential equations.
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