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Zorluk: OrtaCommand of Evidence: Textual

In alpine ecosystems, the cushion plant *Silene acaulis* (moss campion) relies on insects for pollination. However, insect activity typically decreases at higher elevations due to colder temperatures. Evolutionary biologist Dr. Sofia Gomez hypothesized that *S. acaulis* populations in pollinator-scarce, high-altitude environments adapt by increasing their rate of autonomous self-pollination (generating seeds without insect assistance) to ensure reproduction, despite the cost of lower genetic diversity. To test this hypothesis, Gomez's team analyzed pollinator visitation rates, self-pollination rates, and genetic diversity in several *S. acaulis* populations across a range of elevations. Which finding, if true, would most directly support Gomez's hypothesis?

  1. Populations of *S. acaulis* at high-altitude sites with the lowest insect visitation rates produced the majority of their seeds through self-pollination and had lower genetic variation than populations at lower altitudes.Cevap
  2. B
    High-altitude *S. acaulis* plants developed larger, more vibrant flowers that successfully attracted a wider variety of insect pollinators than did plants growing at lower elevations.
  3. C
    Because of their low genetic diversity, self-pollinating *S. acaulis* populations at high altitudes will likely be unable to survive sudden environmental disruptions in the future.
  4. D
    Populations of *S. acaulis* growing at lower elevations, where insect pollinators were highly abundant, produced most of their seeds through self-pollination and exhibited minimal genetic diversity.

Cevap

The finding that high-altitude populations of *S. acaulis* with the lowest insect visitation rates produced most of their seeds through self-pollination and displayed lower genetic variation.
The correct answer provides direct empirical support for the researcher's hypothesis by showing that in high-altitude environments where insect pollinators are scarce, the plant populations indeed reproduce primarily through self-pollination and consequently exhibit the predicted lower genetic diversity.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the core hypothesis in the passage.
Dr. Gomez's hypothesis states that *S. acaulis* populations in high-altitude, pollinator-scarce environments adapt by increasing self-pollination to ensure reproduction, resulting in lower genetic diversity.
Understanding the precise claim is necessary to evaluate which finding supports it.
2
Analyze each option to see if it provides the expected evidence.
The correct option must show a connection between high altitude (low insect visits), increased self-pollination, and decreased genetic diversity.
This matches all elements of the hypothesis.
3
Compare the findings and select the one that matches.
The finding stating that high-altitude populations with the lowest visitation rates had high self-pollination rates and lower genetic variation provides direct empirical support.
It directly correlates the conditions and outcomes predicted by the hypothesis.

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