Examkin

Standard English Conventions

420 soru

Tüm türler420Çoktan seçmeli291Boşluk doldurma129
Soru 61Soru →

Observations from the New Horizons spacecraft have revolutionized our understanding of the Kuiper belt, a region of icy bodies beyond Neptune. Among the most surprising findings is the geological complexity of the dwarf planet Pluto, which [blank] boasts vast plains of nitrogen ice and towering mountains of water ice.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: —contrary to the expectations of planetary scientists who had predicted a geologically dead world—

Cevap

The choice that begins and ends the parenthetical phrase with matching em dashes, specifically '—contrary to the expectations of planetary scientists who had predicted a geologically dead world—', is the correct answer.
The correct option uses a matching pair of em dashes ('—contrary to... world—') to set off the nonessential parenthetical phrase that interrupts the relative clause 'which boasts...'. Setting off this parenthetical element symmetrically with either two commas or two em dashes conforms to the rules of Standard English.

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1
Identify the nonessential element in the sentence.
The phrase 'contrary to the expectations of planetary scientists who had predicted a geologically dead world' acts as an parenthetical insertion modifying the main assertion about Pluto's active features.
Recognizing nonessential elements is necessary to determine where punctuation marks (like commas, em dashes, or parentheses) must be placed.
2
Determine the required punctuation pattern to set off this nonessential element.
Standard English conventions require that nonessential elements be set off by matching pairs of punctuation: either two commas, two em dashes, or two parentheses.
Using mismatched punctuation (such as a comma at the beginning and an em dash at the end) violates the rule of punctuation symmetry.
3
Evaluate the options to find the one with matching punctuation marks.
The option using matching em dashes ('—contrary to... world—') is correct. All other options mix commas and em dashes or omit one of the boundaries.
Selecting the option with symmetrical punctuation ensures the sentence conforms to Standard English conventions.

Anahtar Kavram

Punctuation of Nonessential Elements
Soru 62Soru →

Had the board of the Royal Society of London accepted Mary Anning’s fossil discoveries and geological theories in the 1840s, her pioneering work in paleontology _______ recognition much earlier, potentially sparing her the financial difficulties that plagued her later years. Instead, because of her gender and working-class background, she was excluded from the scientific community, and her findings were frequently published by male collectors without attribution.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: would have received

Cevap

would have received
The sentence begins with the inverted past hypothetical condition 'Had the board... accepted,' which describes a past situation that did not actually occur. To complete this third conditional structure, the main clause requires a past conditional verb phrase ('would have' followed by the past participle). The phrase 'would have received' fits this structure perfectly.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the sentence structure
The sentence begins with the inverted conditional clause 'Had the board... accepted,' which indicates a hypothetical past condition (a past counterfactual or third conditional structure).
Recognizing the conditional type helps determine the matching tense and mood for the independent clause.
2
Determine the correct verb form for the main clause
The main clause of a past counterfactual condition requires the past conditional form ('would have' + past participle) to express the hypothetical past outcome.
This maintains grammatical consistency within the conditional framework.
3
Select the option that matches this form
The verb phrase 'would have received' fits this requirement.
It uses the correct past conditional aspect.

Anahtar Kavram

Verb Tense, Aspect, and Mood in Conditional Clauses
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
Soru 63Soru →

The passage below contains a blank indicating a missing punctuation mark. Which punctuation mark should be placed in the blank to correctly set off the nonessential element?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Although many historians attribute the invention of the marine chronometer solely to John Harrison, the contribution of his son William—who made several arduous voyages across the Atlantic to test the device's accuracy under harsh maritime conditionswas equally vital to solving the long-standing longitude problem. William's meticulous record-keeping helped prove the reliability of the marine chronometer to the Board of Longitude.
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Cevap

An em dash (—)
The sentence sets off the nonessential relative clause describing William's voyages with an em dash after his name ('William—'). To maintain grammatical symmetry, the clause must also end with a matching em dash. Therefore, an em dash (—) is required in the blank.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the nonessential element in the sentence.
The phrase 'who made several arduous voyages across the Atlantic to test the device's accuracy under harsh maritime conditions' is a nonessential relative clause modifying the noun 'William.'
This clause provides descriptive information about William but is not grammatically necessary for the main clause to function.
2
Analyze the punctuation starting the nonessential element.
An em dash (—) is used immediately before the relative clause starts, right after the name 'William.'
Nonessential elements must be set off by matching punctuation on both sides to maintain parallel structure.
3
Select the matching punctuation to close the nonessential element.
An em dash (—) must be placed in the blank.
Ending the clause with a comma or any other punctuation mark would create asymmetry with the opening em dash.

Anahtar Kavram

Punctuation of Nonessential Elements
Soru 64Soru →

The passage below is adapted from a book on the history of mathematics. Which punctuation mark should be placed in the blank to correctly introduce the explanation of the two faculties?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

In his 1912 treatise on the philosophy of science, Henri Poincaré argued that mathematical discoveries are driven by two distinct cognitive faculties logical analysis, which provides rigor and certainty, and creative intuition, which enables synthesis and invention.
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Cevap

A colon or a dash (such as an em dash)
A colon or a dash is correct because the clause preceding the blank is independent ('In his 1912 treatise... cognitive faculties') and the text following the blank is an explanation or list that elaborates on the 'two distinct cognitive faculties' mentioned. A colon or a single dash is standardly used to separate an independent clause from an explanatory list or phrase.

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1
Analyze the grammatical structure of the clause preceding the blank.
The clause 'In his 1912 treatise on the philosophy of science, Henri Poincaré argued that mathematical discoveries are driven by two distinct cognitive faculties' is independent because it contains a subject ('Henri Poincaré') and a verb ('argued') and can stand alone as a complete sentence.
Identifying whether the preceding clause is independent is necessary to determine which punctuation marks (such as colons, semicolons, or dashes) are grammatically permissible.
2
Analyze the grammatical structure of the phrase following the blank.
The phrase 'logical analysis, which provides rigor and certainty, and creative intuition, which enables synthesis and invention' is a list of two non-independent noun phrases with nonessential clauses attached to them.
Identifying the structure of the following phrase determines the relationship between the two parts of the sentence and rules out punctuation marks that require an independent clause on both sides.
3
Choose the appropriate punctuation mark to link the independent clause to the explanatory list.
A colon or a dash is correct because both can join an independent clause to a list or explanation. A semicolon is incorrect because a semicolon must separate two independent clauses.
Applying standard English punctuation rules ensures that the transition between the independent clause and the elaboration is grammatically sound.

Anahtar Kavram

Colons and Dashes
Soru 65Soru →

Launched in 1977 to study the outer Solar System, the Voyager 1 spacecraft has traveled farther from Earth than any other human-made object. By the time the probe, which carries a golden record containing sounds of Earth, finally reached interstellar space in 2012, it ______ telemetry data back to NASA scientists for thirty-five years. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: had been transmitting

Cevap

had been transmitting
The passage establishes a specific point in the past ('reached interstellar space in 2012') and describes an action that started prior to this point and was ongoing up to it ('for thirty-five years'). To represent this continuous action leading up to a past reference point, the past perfect progressive tense ('had been transmitting') is required.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the temporal reference point established in the sentence.
The reference point is 'reached interstellar space in 2012,' which is in the past.
Establishing the timeline helps determine the correct verb tense.
2
Determine the relationship between the blank's action and the reference point.
The action of sending data ('telemetry data... for thirty-five years') was ongoing and completed up to that past point in time.
An action that was ongoing prior to and up to a past reference point requires the past perfect progressive tense.

Anahtar Kavram

Past Perfect Progressive Tense
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 66Soru →

Complete the text by filling in the blank with the appropriate subject pronoun or noun phrase that conforms to the conventions of Standard English subject-modifier agreement.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

In 1928, Paul Dirac formulated a relativistic wave equation to describe the behavior of the electron. Though initially dismissed by contemporary physicists as a mathematical curiosity with no physical relevance, is now recognized as a foundational equation in quantum mechanics.
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Cevap

The blank must be filled with a noun phrase or pronoun that refers directly to the equation (such as 'the Dirac equation', 'this equation', or 'it') to ensure it agrees with the introductory modifying phrase 'Though initially dismissed by contemporary physicists as a mathematical curiosity with no physical relevance.'
The introductory modifying phrase 'Though initially dismissed by contemporary physicists as a mathematical curiosity with no physical relevance' must logically describe the subject that immediately follows it. In this context, the entity that was dismissed as a mathematical curiosity is the relativistic wave equation. Therefore, the blank must be filled with a noun phrase or pronoun referring to the equation (such as 'the Dirac equation' or 'it') to establish correct subject-modifier agreement.

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1
Identify the introductory modifying phrase and determine what it logically describes.
The modifying phrase is 'Though initially dismissed by contemporary physicists as a mathematical curiosity with no physical relevance.' The entity that was dismissed as a 'mathematical curiosity' is the relativistic wave equation formulated by Paul Dirac, not Paul Dirac himself or the contemporary physicists.
According to the rules of subject-modifier agreement, the subject of the main clause must immediately follow the introductory modifier and must be the entity that is logically described by that modifier.
2
Select a subject noun phrase or pronoun that refers to the equation to fill the blank.
Noun phrases like 'the Dirac equation', 'this equation', or the pronoun 'it' correctly identify the equation as the subject of the main clause.
This alignment prevents a dangling modifier and ensures that the sentence is grammatically correct and coherent.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Modifier Agreement
Soru 67Soru →

Complete the academic passage below by writing the correct form of the verb 'champion' in the blank. What is the correct form of the verb 'champion' that completes the sentence in accordance with the conventions of Standard English?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

By the time French physicist Émilie du Châtelet completed her definitive translation of Isaac Newton's *Principia* in 1749, continental mathematicians René Descartes's vortex theory of planetary motion for over a century. Consequently, Châtelet’s extensive mathematical commentary, which demonstrated the compatibility of Newtonian mechanics with Leibnizian calculus, played a crucial role in shifting the scientific consensus of Europe.
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Cevap

had championed (or had been championing)
The correct verb form is the past perfect tense ('had championed') or past perfect continuous ('had been championing'). The opening dependent clause uses 'By the time' to anchor the sentence's perspective to a point in the past (1749). Because the action in the main clause occurs over a duration ('for over a century') prior to this point, the past perfect is required to establish the correct temporal hierarchy.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the temporal markers in the sentence to determine the timeline of events.
The sentence establishes a reference point in the past ('completed... in 1749') using the phrase 'By the time.' The action in the main clause occurs over a duration ('for over a century') leading up to that point.
Determining the relationship between the past reference point and the preceding continuous action dictates the correct grammatical aspect.
2
Formulate the correct tense and aspect of the verb.
An action that occurred over a duration prior to a specific point in the past requires the past perfect ('had championed') or the past perfect continuous ('had been championing').
This shows the correct sequence of events, indicating that the championing of Descartes's theory happened before Châtelet completed her translation.

Anahtar Kavram

Verb Tense, Aspect, and Mood
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
Soru 68Soru →

The passage below describes the scientific investigation of the 1908 Tunguska event. Which form of the verb 'elapse' correctly completes the sentence to conform to the conventions of Standard English?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

In 1908, a massive explosion occurred near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River in Russia, flattening millions of trees. Because the region was extremely remote and politically unstable, scientific research was delayed for years. By the time the first scientific expedition finally reached the site in 1927, nearly two decades since the event, leaving researchers to study decaying tree trunks rather than fresh evidence.
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Cevap

had elapsed
The sentence establishes a timeline where the elapsing of two decades occurred before another past event (the first scientific expedition reaching the site in 1927). Therefore, the past perfect tense 'had elapsed' is required to show that one past action was completed prior to another past action.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the temporal framework established by the surrounding context.
The passage describes past events, establishing a timeline in the past: the explosion occurred in 1908, and the first expedition reached the site in 1927 (indicated by the simple past verb 'reached').
Understanding the timeline helps determine whether to use past, present, or future tense.
2
Analyze the relationship between the two past events to determine the correct aspect.
The phrase 'By the time...' indicates that the elapsing of the two decades was completed before the expedition arrived in 1927.
An action that is completed prior to a specific point in the past requires the past perfect tense ('had' + past participle).
3
Apply the correct conjugation of the verb 'elapse'.
The past perfect form of 'elapse' is 'had elapsed'.
This correctly conforms to the conventions of Standard English for representing a past action that precedes another past action.

Anahtar Kavram

Using the past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past.
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 69Soru →

The mimic octopus ______ possesses an extraordinary ability to impersonate other marine species. By dynamically altering its shape, color, and movement, this clever cephalopod can mimic creatures such as flatfish, lionfish, and sea snakes. Marine biologists have observed that the animal adjusts its behavior depending on the specific threat it faces, demonstrating an impressive level of situational awareness.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: , a unique cephalopod native to the Indo-Pacific,

Cevap

The option that correctly uses a matching pair of commas: ', a unique cephalopod native to the Indo-Pacific,'
The phrase 'a unique cephalopod native to the Indo-Pacific' is a nonessential appositive that provides extra information about the subject 'The mimic octopus.' Because the main clause remains grammatically complete without it, this nonessential element must be set off from the rest of the sentence using a matching pair of punctuation marks. The correct option uses a matching pair of commas (one before the phrase and one after it) to correctly set off the nonessential element.

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1
Identify the subject of the sentence and the core clause to determine if the intervening phrase is essential or nonessential.
The core clause is 'The mimic octopus possesses an extraordinary ability...' which is grammatically complete on its own. The phrase 'a unique cephalopod native to the Indo-Pacific' is a nonessential appositive.
Nonessential elements must be set off from the rest of the sentence with matching punctuation marks.
2
Analyze the punctuation surrounding the nonessential phrase in each option to look for matching pairs.
Only the option using two commas provides a matched pair on both sides of the phrase. Other options combine different marks (a comma and an em dash, or an em dash and a comma) or omit one of the marks entirely.
Standard English conventions require that nonessential elements be set off with symmetrical punctuation (comma-comma, dash-dash, or parenthesis-parenthesis).

Anahtar Kavram

Setting off nonessential elements with symmetrical punctuation marks (matching commas, em dashes, or parentheses).
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 70Soru →

The passage below contains a blank indicating a missing punctuation mark. Which punctuation mark should be placed in the blank to correctly set off the nonessential relative clause?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Discovered in 1799 near the Egyptian town of Rashid, the Rosetta Stone has played a vital role in modern linguistics. The ancient slab, which features three translations of a single decree allowed scholars to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs. By comparing the Greek text with the hieroglyphic version, researchers finally unlocked the mysteries of an ancient writing system.
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Cevap

A comma (`,`) must be placed in the blank.
The clause 'which features three translations of a single decree' is a nonessential relative clause that provides descriptive detail about 'the ancient slab.' To set off nonessential elements, matching punctuation marks must be used at the beginning and end of the element. Since a comma is used after 'slab' to open the clause, a matching comma must be placed in the blank to close the clause.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the nonessential element in the sentence.
The clause 'which features three translations of a single decree' is a nonessential relative clause because it provides extra information about 'the ancient slab' but is not required to identify the slab or complete the main idea of the sentence.
Recognizing nonessential clauses helps determine if and how they should be set off with punctuation.
2
Check the punctuation already used to introduce the nonessential clause.
The clause begins with a comma after 'slab'.
This establishes the punctuation style used for the sentence.
3
Apply the rule of punctuation symmetry to complete the sentence.
A matching comma must be placed in the blank to close the nonessential clause.
Nonessential elements must be set off by matching punctuation marks (comma-comma, dash-dash, or parenthesis-parenthesis).

Anahtar Kavram

Punctuation of Nonessential Elements
Soru 71Soru →

Theoretical models of planetary formation often emphasize the initial abundance of heavy elements in a protoplanetary disk. However, in analyzing the accretion rates of Jovian planets, astrophysicist Elena Vance argues that a nascent world's ultimate size depends not on how rapidly it accumulates local gas and dust from the disk during its early formation phase, but on ______

Which choice completes the passage so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: how efficiently it clears nearby planetesimals from its orbital pathway.

Cevap

The correct answer is the clause that mirrors the structure of the first element by starting with the conjunction 'how' followed by an adverb, subject pronoun, and active verb: 'how efficiently it clears nearby planetesimals from its orbital pathway.'
The correct option is correct because it uses a dependent clause that perfectly mirrors the grammatical structure of the first clause in the comparison. The first clause, 'how rapidly it accumulates...', is structured as a subordinating conjunction ('how') followed by an adverb ('rapidly'), a subject ('it'), and an active verb ('accumulates'). The correct option follows this exact pattern: 'how' + adverb ('efficiently') + subject ('it') + active verb ('clears'). This maintains a balanced and parallel sentence structure.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the comparative structure in the sentence.
The sentence uses the correlative comparison 'depends not on [X], but on [Y]'.
Parallel structure requires that X and Y have matching grammatical forms after the preposition 'on'.
2
Analyze the grammatical structure of the first element (X).
The first element is 'how rapidly it accumulates local gas and dust...', which is a noun clause structured as: conjunction ('how') + adverb ('rapidly') + subject ('it') + active verb ('accumulates') + object ('local gas and dust') + modifiers.
To maintain parallelism, the second element (Y) must follow this exact same grammatical pattern.
3
Evaluate the choices to find the one that matches this pattern.
The option containing 'how efficiently it clears nearby planetesimals from its orbital pathway' uses the exact same pattern: conjunction ('how') + adverb ('efficiently') + subject ('it') + active verb ('clears') + object ('nearby planetesimals') + modifiers.
Matching grammatical structure ensures the sentence is parallel and grammatically correct.

Anahtar Kavram

Parallel Structure
Soru 72Soru →

In his eleventh-century treatise *Book of Optics*, polymath Ibn al-Haytham demonstrated that light travels in straight lines through his experiments with a dark chamber, or camera obscura. Although earlier scholars ______ similar optical phenomena, al-Haytham was the first to provide a systematic, mathematical explanation of how light rays project inverted images onto a screen.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: had observed

Cevap

had observed
The past perfect verb 'had observed' is correct because the passage describes events that occurred in the past (using the past tense verbs 'demonstrated' and 'was'). Since the actions of the 'earlier scholars' occurred before Ibn al-Haytham's eleventh-century discoveries, the past perfect tense is required to establish the correct temporal order of these past events.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the temporal framework of the passage by examining the surrounding verbs.
The verbs 'demonstrated' and 'was' are in the simple past tense, establishing that the narrative is set in the past.
Understanding the primary time frame is necessary to select a verb form that is logically consistent.
2
Determine the chronological relationship between the action in the blank and the primary time frame.
The blank describes the actions of 'earlier scholars' which occurred prior to Ibn al-Haytham's eleventh-century work.
Identifying that an action occurred before another past event requires the use of the past perfect tense ('had' + past participle).
3
Evaluate the options to find the form that represents the past perfect tense.
The verb phrase 'had observed' is in the past perfect tense, which fits the context perfectly.
Selecting the grammatically correct option ensures tense consistency and logical flow.

Anahtar Kavram

Verb Tense, Aspect, and Mood
Soru 73Soru →

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents support thriving ecosystems despite extreme temperatures and pressures. The vent shrimp *Rimicaris exoculata* _______ relies on a specialized dorsal organ to detect the faint, near-infrared glow emitted by the vents. This unique adaptation allows the species to navigate its hostile environment without the benefit of traditional eyesight.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: , which lacks functional compound eyes,

Cevap

The choice that sets off the nonessential relative clause with matching commas: ', which lacks functional compound eyes,'
The sentence contains the nonessential relative clause 'which lacks functional compound eyes' modifying the specific species name *Rimicaris exoculata*. Because the species is already uniquely identified by its scientific name, this description is nonessential and must be set off from the main clause with matching punctuation. The correct option uses a pair of commas to correctly isolate this clause.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the sentence structure to identify the relationship between the clause 'which lacks functional compound eyes' and the noun phrase 'Rimicaris exoculata'.
The clause is nonessential (non-restrictive) because 'Rimicaris exoculata' is a specific scientific name that uniquely identifies the organism.
Nonessential elements provide extra information and must be set off from the rest of the sentence with punctuation.
2
Determine the required punctuation rules for nonessential elements.
The punctuation setting off the nonessential element must be symmetrical (matching pairs: comma-comma, dash-dash, or parenthesis-parenthesis).
Mismatched punctuation marks disrupt the grammatical structure of the sentence.
3
Evaluate the choices to find the one that uses a symmetrical pair of punctuation marks to isolate the nonessential clause.
The choice using a comma at both the beginning and the end of the clause is correct, while all other options use asymmetrical patterns.
Only the matching pair of commas conforms to the conventions of Standard English.

Anahtar Kavram

Punctuation of Nonessential Elements
Soru 74Soru →

Using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope to examine the fossilized leaves, _______ Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: the paleontologists identified tiny structures indicative of ancient symbiotic fungi.

Cevap

the paleontologists identified tiny structures indicative of ancient symbiotic fungi.
The correct option begins with the noun phrase 'the paleontologists,' which is the logical subject of the introductory modifying phrase 'Using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope to examine the fossilized leaves.' This placement ensures that the modifier correctly and clearly describes the entity performing the action.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the introductory modifying phrase and its logical subject.
The phrase is 'Using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope to examine the fossilized leaves'. The logical subject who performs the action of 'using' the microscope to 'examine' the leaves must be the researchers, or the paleontologists.
An introductory modifying phrase must logically describe the noun or pronoun that immediately follows it.
2
Evaluate the choices to find which one places the logical subject immediately after the comma.
Only the correct option begins with 'the paleontologists', establishing a logical and grammatically correct modifier-subject relationship.
Placing any other noun (such as 'tiny structures', 'the microscope', or 'the analysis') immediately after the comma creates a dangling or misplaced modifier, as those nouns cannot logically perform the action of using a microscope.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Modifier Agreement
Soru 75Soru →

Complete the text by filling in the blank with the correct phrase from the options in parentheses that conforms to the conventions of Standard English.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

A pioneer of modern dance who rejected the rigid constraints of classical ballet, sought to express raw human emotion through natural, fluid movements. (Isadora Duncan / the choreography of Isadora Duncan)
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Cevap

Isadora Duncan
The introductory modifier 'A pioneer of modern dance who rejected the rigid constraints of classical ballet' is an appositive phrase that must describe a person. The name 'Isadora Duncan' refers to the dancer, making it the grammatically correct subject of the main clause.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the introductory modifying phrase and determine the noun it logically describes.
The introductory modifier is 'A pioneer of modern dance who rejected the rigid constraints of classical ballet.' This appositive phrase must logically modify a person.
An introductory appositive modifier must directly describe the subject of the main clause that immediately follows it.
2
Compare the subject options to see which one represents the logical subject of the modifier.
The name 'Isadora Duncan' refers to the actual dancer (a person), while 'the choreography of Isadora Duncan' refers to her artistic works.
Only Isadora Duncan herself can be described as a 'pioneer' who 'rejected' ballet constraints, so she must be the subject of the sentence.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Modifier Agreement
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 76Soru →

Written in 1937 during a field trip to Haiti, _______

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: the novel *Their Eyes Were Watching God* was completed by author Zora Neale Hurston in only seven weeks.

Cevap

The correct answer completes the sentence with the novel as the subject, stating 'the novel *Their Eyes Were Watching God* was completed by author Zora Neale Hurston in only seven weeks.'
The correct option is the one that begins with the novel itself: 'the novel *Their Eyes Were Watching God* was completed by author Zora Neale Hurston in only seven weeks.' The introductory participial phrase 'Written in 1937 during a field trip to Haiti' must modify the subject of the main clause that follows it. Since the novel is what was written in 1937, the novel must be the subject of the main clause. This option correctly structures the sentence so that 'the novel' immediately follows the modifier.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the introductory modifying phrase and determine what it logically describes.
The introductory phrase 'Written in 1937 during a field trip to Haiti' describes a written work, which is the novel *Their Eyes Were Watching God*.
An introductory modifier must immediately precede and describe the logical subject of the sentence to avoid a dangling modifier.
2
Evaluate the options to find the one where the logical subject immediately follows the comma.
Only the option beginning with 'the novel *Their Eyes Were Watching God*' correctly places the logical subject immediately after the modifier.
This arrangement ensures subject-modifier agreement, whereas the other options place 'author Zora Neale Hurston', 'it', or 'only seven weeks' as the subject, resulting in dangling modifiers.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Modifier Agreement
Soru 77Soru →

In 539 BCE, the Persian king Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon, establishing one of the largest empires in ancient history. A baked-clay artifact discovered in the ruins of Babylon in 1879, _______

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: the Cyrus Cylinder features a cuneiform declaration that details the king’s conquests and outlines his policies of religious tolerance.

Cevap

the Cyrus Cylinder features a cuneiform declaration that details the king’s conquests and outlines his policies of religious tolerance.
The introductory phrase 'A baked-clay artifact discovered in the ruins of Babylon in 1879' describes the Cyrus Cylinder. Standard English conventions require that an introductory modifying phrase be followed immediately by the noun it logically modifies. Therefore, the subject of the main clause must be 'the Cyrus Cylinder'. The option stating that 'the Cyrus Cylinder features a cuneiform declaration' correctly places the logical subject immediately after the modifier.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the introductory modifying phrase and its logical subject.
The introductory phrase is 'A baked-clay artifact discovered in the ruins of Babylon in 1879'. This modifier describes a physical object, which is the Cyrus Cylinder.
Determining the logical subject of the modifier tells us which noun must immediately follow the comma.
2
Evaluate the grammatical subjects at the beginning of each option.
Only the option starting with 'the Cyrus Cylinder' correctly aligns the physical artifact modifier with the physical artifact itself. Options starting with 'the king's conquests', 'the cuneiform declaration', or 'scholars' create illogical modifier relationships.
Standard English conventions require that a modifying phrase be placed immediately adjacent to the noun it modifies to prevent dangling or misplaced modifiers.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Modifier Agreement
Soru 78Soru →

In 1964, radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson ______ a persistent background noise in their horn antenna that they could not eliminate. Although they initially attributed the static to nesting pigeons, subsequent measurements by a Princeton research group confirmed that the signal was actually the ancient thermal radiation left over from the early universe.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: detected

Cevap

detected
The correct option is the simple past tense verb 'detected.' The passage describes events that took place in a specific past year (1964), and the surrounding verbs ('could not,' 'attributed,' 'confirmed,' and 'was') are all in the simple past tense. Therefore, the simple past tense is required to maintain verb tense consistency.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the temporal markers and surrounding verbs in the passage to establish the correct time frame.
The phrase 'In 1964' and verbs like 'could not,' 'attributed,' 'confirmed,' and 'was' indicate that the passage describes past events.
Verb tenses within a passage must remain consistent unless there is a logical reason to shift time frames.
2
Evaluate the choices to find the form of 'detect' that matches this past time frame.
The simple past tense 'detected' matches the established past context, whereas 'detect,' 'have detected,' and 'are detecting' introduce inappropriate present-tense elements.
Using the simple past tense maintains grammatical consistency and correctly positions the action in the specified year (1964).

Anahtar Kavram

Verb Tense Consistency
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 79Soru →

Complete the sentence by filling in the blank with the name of the scientist described by the introductory modifier.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Having studied the genetic inheritance of maize for decades, discovered transposable elements in 1948.
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Cevap

Barbara McClintock
The introductory modifier 'Having studied the genetic inheritance of maize for decades' describes an action performed by a person. Therefore, the subject immediately following the comma must be the person who did the studying, which is Barbara McClintock. Placing her name in the blank ensures proper subject-modifier agreement.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the introductory modifying phrase at the beginning of the sentence.
The phrase is 'Having studied the genetic inheritance of maize for decades.'
This modifier describes an action performed by a logical subject.
2
Determine who logically performed the action of studying maize.
The scientist Barbara McClintock is the logical subject who performed this study.
To avoid a dangling modifier, the subject immediately following the comma must be the person who performed the action.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Modifier Agreement
Soru 80Soru →

Constructed as the flagship of the Swedish navy, the warship *Vasa* was intended to project military power in the Baltic region. However, had the vessel not sunk on its maiden voyage in 1628, its timber ________ within decades due to wood-boring organisms. Instead, the brackish, cold waters of the Stockholm harbor preserved the ship nearly intact, allowing archaeologists to salvage it in 1961.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Cevap: would have decayed

Cevap

would have decayed
The text establishes a counterfactual scenario in the past, beginning with the inverted conditional clause 'had the vessel not sunk.' To complete this past conditional structure, the main clause requires the past conditional verb phrase 'would have decayed' to describe what would have happened to the timber under those counterfactual conditions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the sentence structure to identify the conditional relationship and temporal framework.
The sentence begins with an inverted conditional clause 'had the vessel not sunk,' which is equivalent to 'if the vessel had not sunk,' establishing a past counterfactual scenario.
Understanding the grammar of the conditional clause is necessary to select the correct mood and tense for the main verb.
2
Determine the correct verb form for the main clause of a past counterfactual conditional sentence.
A past counterfactual (third conditional) sentence requires the past conditional form 'would have' followed by the past participle ('would have decayed') in the main clause.
This form accurately expresses a hypothetical past outcome that did not actually occur.

Anahtar Kavram

Past Counterfactual Conditionals
Tahmini Süre:45s
ÖncekiSayfa 4 / 21Sonraki
Standard English Conventions Alıştırma Soruları — SAT — Sayfa 4 | Examkin