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Zorluk: ZorProhibited Market Manipulation and Fraudulent Practices

A broker-dealer compliance officer is reviewing trading desk activity logs for potential violations of FINRA and SEC rules regarding prohibited market manipulation and fraudulent practices. Match each market practice scenario on the left with its corresponding regulatory term on the right.

  • A broker-dealer unnecessarily routes a customer order through a third-party firm, resulting in an additional commission fee without offering any execution advantage to the customer.Interpositioning
  • Immediately after executing a large client order that is expected to drive up the stock price, a registered representative buys shares of the same security for their personal account.Tailgating
  • A group of traders colludes to execute small buy transactions at the start of the trading session to artificially raise the published opening price of a stock.Marking the Open
  • An options trader repeatedly submits buy orders for an underlying equity near the expiration date specifically to prevent its price from dropping below an option strike price.Pegging

Cevap

Routing orders through an unnecessary third party matches Interpositioning; trading personal accounts immediately after executing a client trade matches Tailgating; executing transactions to distort opening prices matches Marking the Open; and entering orders to hold a security price at a specific level matches Pegging.
Each scenario illustrates a distinct regulatory violation: unnecessarily inserting a third-party broker to add costs is interpositioning; trading for personal accounts after a client's trade is tailgating; placing orders to manipulate the opening market benchmark is marking the open; and entering orders to hold a price at a desired level is pegging.

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1
Evaluate the first scenario regarding routing a customer order through a third party.
Identify this action as Interpositioning, which violates FINRA Rule 5310 because inserting an extra broker-dealer incurs added fees without benefiting the customer.
Broker-dealers are required to exercise reasonable diligence to obtain the best execution available for customer orders.
2
Evaluate the second scenario involving a representative trading personal accounts right after executing a customer order.
Identify this action as Tailgating, an unethical practice leveraging non-public order execution information for personal gain.
While front-running involves trading ahead of a client order, tailgating involves trading immediately after the client order to capitalize on market impact.
3
Evaluate the third scenario regarding collusive trades executed at the market opening.
Identify this action as Marking the Open, a form of market manipulation designed to set an artificial opening quote.
Manipulating opening transaction prices distorts public market signals and violates Section 9 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
4
Evaluate the fourth scenario regarding orders placed to support a price level before option expiration.
Identify this action as Pegging (or price pegging), which artificially pegs the security price to protect options positions.
Pegging creates an artificial price floor or ceiling, deceiving other market participants regarding true supply and demand.

Anahtar Kavram

Prohibited Market Practices and Trading Violations under FINRA/SEC Rules
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