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Zorluk: Çok zorPhysiography and Relief Features of India

Consider the following statements regarding the physiographic and relief features of India:

1. The Meghalaya and Karbi Anglong Plateaus are structural extensions of the Peninsular Block, isolated from the Chota Nagpur Plateau by the Malda Fault.
2. The Karewas of the Kashmir Himalayas are thick fluvio-lacustrine deposits composed of glacial clay and moraines, renowned for Zafran (saffron) cultivation.
3. The Western Ghats represent a young fold mountain range formed primarily during the Cretaceous collision between the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates.
4. Arranged from West to East, the mountain passes follow the longitudinal sequence: Zoji La, Shipki La, Lipulekh, and Nathu La.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1, 2 and 4 onlyCevap
  2. B
    1, 2, 3 and 4
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1 and 3 only

Cevap

Statements 1, 2, and 4 are correct.
The option selecting statements 1, 2, and 4 only is correct because Meghalaya is geologically a part of the Peninsular Plateau (separated by the Malda fault), Karewas are lacustrine deposits essential for saffron cultivation, and the passes Zoji La, Shipki La, Lipulekh, and Nathu La correctly follow a West-to-East sequence. Statement 3 is false because Western Ghats are fault escarpments, not young collision fold mountains.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding Peninsular Block extensions.
Statement 1 is TRUE. The Shillong (Meghalaya) and Karbi Anglong Plateaus in the northeast are detached portions of the Indian Peninsular Plateau separated by the Rajmahal-Garo gap / Malda Fault.
Geological faulting created a downward gap between the Chota Nagpur Plateau and the Meghalaya block.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding Kashmir Himalayan deposits.
Statement 2 is TRUE. Karewas are thick lacustrine deposits (lake sediments embedded with glacial moraines) found in the Kashmir valley, famous for cultivating Zafran (saffron).
Karewas form flat-topped terraces in the Jhelum valley derived from ancient lake beds.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding Western Ghats origin.
Statement 3 is FALSE. The Western Ghats are not fold mountains born out of Eurasian collision. They are block mountains (an escarpment formed due to faulting and submergence during the breakup of Gondwanaland). The Himalayas, not the Western Ghats, are young fold mountains formed by the Eurasian collision.
Confusing tectonic origins of Himalayan folding vs Peninsular block faulting.
4
Analyze Statement 4 regarding longitudinal pass sequence from West to East.
Statement 4 is TRUE. Zoji La is in Ladakh (~75°E), Shipki La is in Himachal Pradesh (~78°E), Lipulekh is in Uttarakhand (~81°E), and Nathu La is in Sikkim (~88°E). The sequence Zoji La → Shipki La → Lipulekh → Nathu La is correctly ordered West to East.
Verifying spatial longitudinal distribution of Great Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan passes.

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Physiographic Units and Structural Geology of India
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Physiography and Relief Features of India

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