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Zorluk: OrtaIndustrial Policies, Infrastructure Sector, Balance of Payments, and External Trade

Arrange the following key policy milestones related to India's industrial sector and external trade governance in chronological order from the earliest to the latest:

  1. 1Adoption of the first Industrial Policy Resolution (IPR) establishing a mixed economic framework
  2. 2Enactment of the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act
  3. 3Introduction of the Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System (LERMS)
  4. 4Passage of the Special Economic Zones (SEZ) Act by Parliament

Cevap

The correct chronological sequence from earliest to latest is: Adoption of the first Industrial Policy Resolution (1948), followed by the Enactment of the MRTP Act (1969), the Introduction of the Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System (1992), and finally the Passage of the Special Economic Zones Act (2005).
The correct sequence follows the historic evolution of economic governance: 1948 (First Industrial Policy Resolution) → 1969 (MRTP Act enactment) → 1992 (Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System introduced following 1991 reforms) → 2005 (SEZ Act passed by Parliament).

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1
Identify the historical year of the Industrial Policy Resolution.
India adopted its first Industrial Policy Resolution in April 1948, laying the foundation for a mixed economy.
Establishing the baseline for early post-independence industrial governance.
2
Identify the year of the MRTP Act enactment.
The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act was enacted in 1969.
This act regulated large business houses and licensing during the planned economy period.
3
Identify the year of the Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System (LERMS).
LERMS was introduced in March 1992 as part of the post-1991 BoP crisis reforms.
It introduced a dual exchange rate regime paving the way for market-determined rates.
4
Identify the year of the Special Economic Zones (SEZ) Act.
The SEZ Act was passed by Parliament in May 2005 (coming into effect in February 2006).
It provided statutory backing to the SEZ policy introduced earlier in 2000.

Anahtar Kavram

Chronological evolution of industrial policies and external trade mechanisms in India.
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Konular

Industrial Policies, Infrastructure Sector, Balance of Payments, and External Trade