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Zorluk: ZorMineral and Energy Resources of India

Consider the following statements regarding the geological occurrence and characteristics of coal resources in India:

1. Gondwana coal deposits, which constitute nearly 98% of India's total coal reserves, typically exhibit low sulfur content alongside relatively high ash content.
2. Tertiary coal fields are primarily located in the northeastern region of India and contain coal with high sulfur and moisture content.
3. The Jharia coalfield in Jharkhand is the oldest commercial coalfield in India, having been developed prior to the Raniganj coalfield in West Bengal.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. Statements 1 and 2Cevap
  2. B
    Statements 2 and 3
  3. C
    Statements 1 and 3
  4. D
    Statements 1, 2, and 3

Cevap

Statements 1 and 2 are correct.
The correct response identifies Statements 1 and 2 as true while rejecting Statement 3. Gondwana coal accounts for over 98% of Indian reserves and is characterized by low sulfur but high ash content. Tertiary coal in the northeastern states (Assam, Meghalaya) has higher moisture and sulfur content. Raniganj in West Bengal—not Jharia—is the oldest coalfield in India.

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1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Gondwana coal properties.
Gondwana coal forms about 98% of Indian reserves. It originated in the Permian period, possesses low sulfur content (usually less than 1%), but high ash content (15% to 45%). Statement 1 is TRUE.
Geological conditions during the Permian era in Peninsular India favored fluvial sedimentation leading to high inorganic non-combustible matter (ash) and low marine sulfur insertion.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Tertiary coal properties and location.
Tertiary coal deposits (Eocene to Oligocene/Miocene age) are predominantly found in extra-peninsular regions like Assam (Makum), Meghalaya (Cherrapunji, Daranggiri), Arunachal Pradesh (Namchik-Namphuk), and Nagaland. They are younger, friable, and high in both sulfur (2-5%) and moisture. Statement 2 is TRUE.
Deposition in coastal/marine environments during the Tertiary period exposed the vegetation to marine sulfates, raising sulfur levels.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding historical coalfield origins.
Raniganj Coalfield in Damodar Valley, West Bengal, is the oldest coalfield in India, where mining started in 1774 by Sumner and Heatly of the East India Company. Jharia Coalfield was developed much later in the 1890s, though it holds India's richest prime coking coal reserves. Statement 3 is FALSE.
Confusing the historic origin site (Raniganj) with the largest coking coal repository (Jharia) leads to an incorrect evaluation of Statement 3.

Anahtar Kavram

Geological distribution, chemical properties, and historical development of Gondwana versus Tertiary coal resources in India
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
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Konular

Mineral and Energy Resources of India

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