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Zorluk: OrtaBiodiversity Concepts, Hotspots and Endemism

Match the Indian biodiversity hotspot regions (List-I) with their corresponding characteristic endemic flora or fauna indicators (List-II).

  • Western Ghats RegionNilgiri Tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius) and Neelakurinji (Strobilanthes kunthiana)
  • Eastern Himalayas RegionRed Panda (Ailurus fulgens) and Himalayan Yew (Taxus wallichiana)
  • Indo-Burma Region (Northeast India)Mrs. Hume's Pheasant (Syrmaticus humiae) and Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock hoolock)
  • Sundaland Region (Nicobar Islands)Nicobar Megapode (Megapodius nicobariensis) and Tree Fern (Cyathea albosetacea)

Cevap

Western Ghats Region corresponds to Nilgiri Tahr and Neelakurinji; Eastern Himalayas Region corresponds to Red Panda and Himalayan Yew; Indo-Burma Region corresponds to Mrs. Hume's Pheasant and Hoolock Gibbon; Sundaland Region corresponds to Nicobar Megapode and Tree Fern.
Each Indian biodiversity hotspot contains distinct geographical boundaries and characteristic endemic indicators. The Western Ghats is defined by Nilgiri Tahr and Neelakurinji; the Eastern Himalayas host the Red Panda and Himalayan Yew; Indo-Burma encompasses Mrs. Hume's Pheasant and the Hoolock Gibbon in Northeast India; and Sundaland covers the Nicobar group containing the endemic Nicobar Megapode.

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1
Identify the endemic indicator species for the peninsular mountain chain of the Western Ghats.
The Nilgiri Tahr and Neelakurinji belong exclusively to the Western Ghats montane ecosystems.
These species require high-altitude shola grasslands specific to southwestern India.
2
Associate the Eastern Himalayan high-altitude temperate forest species.
The Red Panda and Himalayan Yew represent the Eastern Himalayas hotspot flora and fauna.
The Eastern Himalayas provide cold temperate coniferous and bamboo habitats required by these species.
3
Match Northeastern Indian non-Himalayan hills (Indo-Burma boundary) with its unique faunal species.
Mrs. Hume's Pheasant and India's only ape, the Hoolock Gibbon, belong to the Indo-Burma hotspot boundary in India.
These species inhabit the dense tropical and subtropical rainforest patches south of the Brahmaputra valley.
4
Link the island ecosystem of the Nicobar group to the Sundaland hotspot.
The Nicobar Megapode and tree ferns represent island endemism within the Sundaland hotspot.
The Nicobar Islands fall under the Sundaland hotspot, distinct from the Andaman Islands which belong to Indo-Burma.

Anahtar Kavram

Geographical Mapping of Endemic Flora and Fauna across India's Four Biodiversity Hotspots
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Konular

Biodiversity Concepts, Hotspots and Endemism

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