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Zorluk: Çok zorFederal System, Centre-State Relations, and Emergency Provisions

Match List-I (Articles governing Centre-State Relations and Emergency Mechanisms) with List-II (Constitutional Scope and Operational Provisions):

  • Article 250Empowers Parliament to legislate on matters in the State List while a Proclamation of National Emergency is in operation.
  • Article 252Empowers Parliament to legislate on State List subjects for two or more States upon resolutions passed by their respective Legislative Assemblies.
  • Article 253Empowers Parliament to enact legislation for giving effect to international agreements, overriding State List entries without State consent.
  • Article 365Establishes a legal presumption of failure of constitutional machinery if a State fails to comply with or give effect to lawful executive directions from the Union.

Cevap

The correct matches pair Article 250 with parliamentary legislation during National Emergency, Article 252 with legislative authorization by consent of two or more States, Article 253 with parliamentary legislation implementing international treaties, and Article 365 with the constitutional presumption of breakdown of state machinery due to non-compliance with Union directions.
Article 250 activates parliamentary power over State List subjects during National Emergency; Article 252 requires consent resolutions from two or more state legislatures; Article 253 allows international treaty implementation across State List subjects without state consent; and Article 365 defines failure of constitutional machinery when a state ignores Union executive directions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the operational scope of Article 250
Article 250 automatically expands Parliament's legislative jurisdiction to cover the State List whenever a Proclamation of National Emergency (under Article 352) is active.
During National Emergency, the federal system adopts a unitary operational bias, superseding ordinary state legislative exclusivity.
2
Analyze the procedure established under Article 252
Article 252 allows two or more State Assemblies to pass resolutions requesting Parliament to enact laws on a State List subject, applying exclusively to consenting States and any other State adopting it subsequently.
It represents a cooperative federal mechanism of voluntary jurisdiction surrender by States.
3
Analyze treaty-enforcement powers under Article 253
Article 253 confers exclusive power on Parliament to legislate for implementing international treaties, agreements, or decisions of international conferences, even if the legislation impinges upon State List topics.
Foreign affairs and treaty implementation require unitary legislative authority across the national territory.
4
Analyze sanction mechanisms under Article 365
Article 365 provides that if a State fails to satisfy or follow lawful directions issued by the Union executive (such as under Articles 256 or 257), it shall be lawful for the President to deem that state government cannot be conducted under constitutional provisions, enabling President's Rule under Article 356.
It connects administrative non-cooperation directly to constitutional breakdown.

Anahtar Kavram

Constitutional provisions governing Centre-State legislative jurisdiction and emergency sanctions
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Federal System, Centre-State Relations, and Emergency Provisions

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