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Zorluk: OrtaMedieval Indian Dynasties, Administration, and Regional Kingdoms

Which medieval Indian ruler's administration introduced the *Patta* (a title deed specifying land revenue demand) and *Qabuliyat* (a deed of agreement signed by the peasant) to establish direct state contact with the cultivator?

  1. The agrarian administration of Sher Shah SuriCevap
  2. B
    The Iqta revenue assignments of the Delhi Sultanate under Iltutmish
  3. C
    The Nayankara land grant system of the Vijayanagara Empire
  4. D
    The Dahsala land assessment system of Akbar managed by Todar Mal

Cevap

The agrarian administration of Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri reformed land revenue administration by having land surveyed using a standard Jarib (measuring rope/rod). To ensure transparency, the state issued a Patta to the cultivator detailing the area under cultivation and exact tax owed, while the cultivator signed a Qabuliyat accepting the terms.

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1
Analyze the core administrative terminology mentioned in the prompt
The terms *Patta* (title deed stating land holding and tax rate) and *Qabuliyat* (deed of acceptance signed by the farmer) refer to bilateral land agreements.
These legal documents were introduced to clearly define crop assessment and prevent arbitrary revenue extractions by intermediaries.
2
Identify the historical ruler who introduced this system
Sher Shah Suri (Suri Empire, 1540–1545) pioneered direct agrarian measurement and documentation prior to Mughal reforms.
His administration insisted on direct state-peasant contractual clarity through Patta and Qabuliyat.

Anahtar Kavram

Sher Shah Suri's Agrarian and Land Revenue System
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Medieval Indian Dynasties, Administration, and Regional Kingdoms

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