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Zorluk: ZorState Environment, Forests, and Wildlife Sanctuaries

Regarding the forest ecosystems, vegetation types, and state-designated protected areas located in the Western Ghats belt of Maharashtra, which of the following statements are correct?

  1. Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary, together with Chandoli National Park, forms the core ecological landscape of the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve.Cevap
  2. Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary was established as the first wildlife sanctuary in Maharashtra, dedicated primarily to the conservation of the Indian Bison (Gaur).Cevap
  3. The catchment forests of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary feed the Shivajisagar Reservoir and serve as the headwater origin for the Koyna River.Cevap
  4. D
    The vegetation cover of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary is classified exclusively as Tropical Thorn Scrub due to extreme rain-shadow aridity on the Deccan crest.

Cevap

The correct statements are those identifying Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary as a core part of Sahyadri Tiger Reserve alongside Chandoli, Radhanagari as Maharashtra's flagship Indian Bison (Gaur) sanctuary, and Koyna Sanctuary's forests as the primary catchment for the Koyna River and Shivajisagar Lake.
Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary forms the northern contiguous core of the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve (notified in 2010), while Chandoli National Park forms the southern region. The high altitude and heavy monsoon precipitation nourish semi-evergreen and sub-tropical evergreen vegetation, creating a vital catchment zone for the Koyna River and the Shivajisagar reservoir. Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary, situated further south in Kolhapur district, is widely recognized as Maharashtra's oldest sanctuary, established primarily to safeguard the habitat of the Indian Bison (Gaur).

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1
Analyze the administrative status and configuration of Sahyadri Tiger Reserve
Confirm that Sahyadri Tiger Reserve comprises Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary in the north and Chandoli National Park in the south.
State protected area notifications group these contiguous Western Ghats forest blocks under one tiger reserve umbrella.
2
Evaluate the establishment history and primary protected species of Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary
Verify that Radhanagari (Dajipur) was notified as Maharashtra's first sanctuary to conserve the Indian Bison (Gaur).
It holds historical significance as a reserve established under the former Kolhapur state administration for bison protection.
3
Examine the hydrology and forest vegetation classification of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary
Identify that the sanctuary receives heavy crest-line precipitation (>3000 mm), supporting tropical semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests feeding the Koyna River and Shivajisagar reservoir. The claim of Tropical Thorn Scrub is false.
Thorn scrub vegetation is characteristic of eastern rain-shadow plains, whereas Koyna lies directly along the high-precipitation Sahyadri crestline.

Anahtar Kavram

Protected Area Network, Hydrology, and Forest Types of Maharashtra Western Ghats
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Konular

State Environment, Forests, and Wildlife Sanctuaries

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