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Zorluk: ZorBiodiversity Conservation Strategies: In-situ and Ex-situ

With reference to the strategies established for biological conservation, consider the following statements:

1. Gene banks, tissue culture repositories, and arboreta are categorized as ex-situ conservation strategies because biological material is maintained outside natural habitats.
2. Biodiversity Heritage Sites notified under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, operate as ex-situ preservation zones designed exclusively for captive breeding.
3. In-situ conservation enables wild populations to undergo ongoing evolutionary adaptation within their natural ecological settings.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 onlyCevap
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Cevap

1 and 3 only
The correct evaluation selects the option containing statements 1 and 3 only. Off-site repositories such as gene banks, tissue culture collections, and arboreta collect and maintain biological specimens away from native habitats, making them ex-situ methods. In-situ conservation protects natural habitats, allowing populations to co-evolve naturally. In contrast, Biodiversity Heritage Sites are legally protected natural ecosystems conserved on-site (in-situ).

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1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding gene banks, tissue culture repositories, and arboreta.
Statement 1 is correct. Ex-situ conservation refers to off-site preservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. Gene banks, tissue culture culture collections, botanical gardens, and arboreta fit this definition.
Off-site facilities hold living collections or germplasm under controlled conditions distinct from their wild environments.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding Biodiversity Heritage Sites (BHS).
Statement 2 is incorrect. Biodiversity Heritage Sites, notified under Section 37 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, are well-defined, ecologically fragile ecosystems conserved in-situ (on-site). They are not ex-situ captive breeding facilities.
BHS aim to preserve wild or domesticated biodiversity in their natural ecosystem surroundings alongside local community participation.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding evolutionary adaptation in in-situ conservation.
Statement 3 is correct. A primary ecological advantage of in-situ conservation (such as in national parks and biosphere reserves) is that species interact naturally with biotic and abiotic selection pressures, sustaining natural evolutionary processes.
On-site protection maintains intact ecosystems where natural selection continues operating without artificial intervention.

Anahtar Kavram

Distinction between in-situ (on-site) and ex-situ (off-site) biodiversity conservation strategies, including biological reserve designations under national legislation.
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Konular

Biodiversity Conservation Strategies: In-situ and Ex-situ